Compilation of History
Publishing Background
In the 1950s, Chinese dictionaries published in the 1950s all used simple classical Chinese to interpret meanings, which broke away from the reality of the public's spoken language.
On February 6, 1956, the State Council instructed the Institute of Languages of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (now the Institute of Languages of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences) to compile a medium-sized modern Chinese dictionary for the purpose of determining vocabulary norms .
In June 1958, the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was officially opened.
In July 1956, the Institute of Linguistics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Xinhua Dictionary Office, and the Chinese Dictionary Editing Office under the Character Reform Commission jointly formed the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" editing room. The biggest problem encountered by the editing room is that there is no dictionary of its kind to refer to, and everything starts from scratch.
Before the formal compilation, the editorial office carried out data collection from 1958 to 1959, and constructed vocabulary from available domestic and foreign modern Chinese books, newspapers, magazines, etc., each word is separate Recorded on the card, and finally collected more than 700,000 cards, plus the more than 300,000 cards when the Xinhua Dictionary Office was compiling the "Xinhua Dictionary", the compilation of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was based on more than 1 million cards. .
Because of the urgent task of "Modern Chinese Dictionary", the trial version of 1960 adopted the method of finalizing part of the manuscript and printing part of it. 1,000 copies were printed and sent to universities, schools, and research institutes for revision and approval. Beginning in 1961, the review opinions from various regions have been fed back one after another. After more than two years of revision, the editorial office finalized the trial version in 1964 and published the trial version in 1965. But the next 10 years have become a nightmare for "Modern Chinese Dictionary".
In 1966, the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" continued to be revised, and the revised manuscript was sent to the Commercial Press. However, during the review process of the publishing house, the "Cultural Revolution" began and related work was forced to stop. In 1970, the staff of the dictionary editing office was transferred to the "May 7 Cadre School" in Xixian County, Henan Province along with the Language Institute, and only returned to Beijing in 1972.
In 1973, the trial version of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was published internally.
In May 1975, the National Publishing Bureau and the Ministry of Education decided at a meeting that the Language Research Institute established a "three-combination revision group" to revise the "Modern Chinese Dictionary".
In August 1975, the revision of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" began. At the end of October, 9 workers from the Liaoyuan Coal Mine in Hancheng, Shaanxi came to the Language Institute. In December, 10 workers from the Beijing Radio Joint Factory joined. In February 1976, the revision team added 3 personnel from the Political Department of the Beijing Military Region.
The "three-in-one revision team" of more than 50 people basically couldn't work. The representative put forward many opinions that made researchers laugh or cry. For example, the example sentence that suggested the "mountain alliance" is: "We swear to each other with Chairman Mao." The worker master of the wireless power plant asked to add such sentence examples: learn wool selection, practice, start early, go to bed late, and learn more after tea and dinner, because "this is what we often say."
The "Three Combinations" greatly interfered with the revision of "Modern Chinese Dictionary". In 1976, the "Gang of Four" collapsed. In the spring of 1977, the workers and PLA personnel of the "Three Combinations Revision Group" were cleared of language centers. The dictionary editing room had to spend nearly a year re-editing the manuscripts in an effort to eliminate the influence of the extreme left. In December 1978, the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was finally officially published.
Not long after the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was released, the editorial office discovered that the dictionary still had some problems left over from the "Cultural Revolution" and it was necessary to revise it as soon as possible. In 1983, the second edition of the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was launched, also known as the "reset edition".
Since 1993, the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" has entered the second revision work, and has undergone 4 revisions in the following 19 years.
A Short History of Publication
The "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was officially opened in early 1958.
In 1978, the first edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was published, with 56,000 words and a price of 5.40 yuan.
In 1983, the second edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" came out, with 56,000 words and a price of 5.50 yuan;
In 1996, the third edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was published. It received 61,000 words and was priced at 55.00 yuan;
In 2002, the fourth edition of the "Modern Chinese Dictionary", which is the supplement to the third edition, came out, with 61,000 words and the price was 60.00 yuan.
In 2005, the fifth edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was published. This revision started in 1999 and lasted 6 years. It collected 65,000 words and was priced at 68.00 yuan.
In 2012, after the fifth revision work started in 2008, the sixth edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was published with 69,000 words and a price of 95.00 yuan.
In September 2016, the Commercial Press published "Modern Chinese Dictionary" (7th edition) with a price of 109.00 yuan.
Compiling anecdotes
In 1974, the "Primary Lin and Confucianism" movement began. Seven workers at the Liaoyuan Coal Mine in Hancheng County, Shaanxi posted a big-character poster titled "Who is Good for Objectivism". The news quickly spread to Beijing. Yao Wenyuan instructed: It is worth noting that the problem is very prominent.
This round of criticism of the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" is very fierce. The dictionary is called "a hodgepodge of entitlement, capital, and revision". "Its publication is very inconsistent with the great revolutionary situation currently in-depth development in our country. , It can even be said that they are playing against the tune of the "Pan Lin Pi Confucian" movement initiated and led by Chairman Mao himself."
Take "Yu Bin"'s "Reprint of Criticism" as an example, in the article "Modern Chinese Dictionary" can be described as "inferior": "The "Modern Chinese Dictionary" first touted Kong Lao Er as a "sage", when mentioning "classic", the first one to mention is "Confucian classics", and then it talks about religion Classics, that is, the works of Marxism-Leninism and Chairman Mao are not mentioned as classics." Finally, the article concluded the "Modern Chinese Dictionary": "Related to the fact that there is no example sentence praising the great leader Chairman Mao in the whole book, we are totally OK. I believe that this performance in the collection is a reactionary political tendency."
Under fierce criticism, the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" was required to be destroyed. Under Chen Yuan's dealings with the Commercial Press, The dictionary escaped the catastrophe.
Dictionary Catalog
Note: The catalog of each edition has been slightly adjusted. The following is the catalog of "Modern Chinese Dictionary (6th Edition)".
One: Legend
Two: Syllable table
Three: New and old glyph comparison table
Four: Radical checklist
p>(1) List of radicals
(2) Check list
(3) Index of difficult characters and strokes
5: Dictionary text (Attached with words starting with Western letters)
6: Appendices
(1) China's chronology table
(2) Measurement unit table
(3) List of Chinese Characters Radical Names
(4) Chinese Pinyin Scheme
(5) Periodic Table of Elements
(6) Map of China
p>
Revision and update
After the official publication of "Modern Chinese Dictionary", it has undergone 5 revisions, each time it has been further improved on the basis of maintaining the original advantages in order to strive for excellence.
First revision
(1980-1983), minor revision, the second edition after publication. Additions, deletions and adjustments were made to the collections and notes, focusing on further eliminating the influence of the "Cultural Revolution" in terms of ideological content.
Second revision
(1993-1996), overhauled, the third edition after publication. More than 61,000 entries are included, and efforts are made to increase the income of new words and meanings that have appeared after the reform and opening up. The appendix adds words starting with Western letters, and implements the new standard for pronunciation examination of different pronunciations in Mandarin. Words no longer adopt the way of listing articles. Due to space reasons, the four-corner number checklist has been deleted before the main text.
In the third edition of 1996, more than 9,000 words were added and 4,000 were deleted. Due to the long interval (13 years), at that time, it was just in the early stage of reform and opening up. The country developed very fast in all aspects, and the new words and meanings reflecting new things increased correspondingly, so more than 9,000 new words were added.
Third revision
(2002), minor revision, 4th edition after publication. More than 1,200 new words have been added to this edition, printed in pink pages and attached to the back of the main text.
The 2002 supplement is based on the 1996 revision with more than 1,200 new words and new meanings. Among the new words, there are "Deng Xiaoping Theory", "Three Represents", "Knowledge Economy", "Quality Education" and other words closely related to politics and social life; there are also a large number of words reflecting the new development of science and technology, such as "Nanotechnology" ", "Bluetooth", "Broadband", "Genetically Modified", etc.; many things that are closely related to the lives of the people and therefore attract attention can also be explained in the supplement, such as "sandstorm", "air quality", "Gini coefficient" "Wait. In addition to new words, some words have also been added with new meanings; in view of the fact that many Western alphabetic words are frequently seen in newspapers, the supplement has selected more than 140 commonly used words to be added to the appendix to meet the needs of readers. In addition, taking advantage of this supplementary opportunity, the 2002 supplement "Modern Chinese Dictionary" also revised some character forms in accordance with the regulations of relevant state departments, which further improved the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" in terms of standardization.
Fourth revision
(1999-2005), with more than 65,000 entries. Re-examine the homographs, separable words, etc., implement the "First Batch of Variant Words List", and comprehensively mark parts of speech on the basis of distinguishing words and non-words.
The fifth edition of 2005 added 7,200 new words, and many words introduced into the mainland from Hong Kong and Taiwan are also included in the fifth edition of the "Modern Chinese Dictionary", such as "funny" and "mask" , "Make a show" and so on.
The fourth revision lasted 6 years, and the book included about 65,000 words, which basically reflected the appearance of modern Chinese vocabulary in 2005. At the same time, the fifth edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" further comprehensively implements the national language norms and scientific and technological terminology norms. According to the "First Batch of Variant Words Sorting List" published by the country in 2002, the vocabulary is divided into standardized words and variant words, and the standardized words are listed as the recommended standard.
Fifth revision
(2008—2012), overhauled, and the sixth edition after publication. The sixth edition of the revision follows the consistent purpose of the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" as a guide and norm, and based on the principle of universality, it has absorbed the latest achievements of relevant experts and scholars, and carefully determined the shape and sound of the characters in accordance with the norms and standards; Different relationships have been sorted out; more than 600 single characters have been added (mainly in place names, surnames, and scientific and technological characters), and more than 13,000 single characters of various types have been collected. More than 3,000 new words and other words were added, more than 400 new meanings were added, a small number of obsolete words and word meanings were deleted, and more than 69,000 entries were collected.
The revision of the sixth edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" insists on taking academic research as the forerunner, focusing on scientific and systematic revision work. More than a dozen related topics have been set up from various links such as collection of words, collection of words, interpretation, and examples, and investigations and studies have been carried out one by one. When revising, make full use of various corpora to select or test new words, new meanings and new usages, and strive to reflect the new look of vocabulary development in recent years and the new results of related research. Following the consistent aim of promoting the standardization of modern Chinese, in addition to fully and correctly implementing the previous national norms and standards on language and science and technology, we also pay attention to absorbing and reflecting the relevant issues formulated and revised by experts and scholars organized by the National Language Working Committee in recent years. The latest achievements of norms and standards in terms of glyphs, phonetics, etc.
Revisions refer to the comments of the National Language Commission's "Basic Rules of Chinese Phonetic Orthography" and the "Putonghua Unvoiced Words Standards", and revised the phonetic notation of the entries; in addition, according to In terms of categories, comprehensive inspections and revisions have been made to the interpretations of spoken words, dialect words, classical Chinese words, specialized words, foreign words, and Western alphabet words. According to experts, the sixth edition also added nearly a hundred illustrations of ancient artifacts in conjunction with the interpretation, and revised the checklist and appendices in accordance with relevant standards and new research results.
In order for the new version of the dictionary to meet readers with high quality, the editorial department has invested a lot of manpower, including 11 proofreading times. In the printing and packaging process, various printing companies regard "Modern Chinese Dictionary" as a major cultural project. They not only set up special production workshops, but also establish special printing and packaging processes, formulate special management measures, and implement strict storage and transportation plans.
Content update
On July 15, 2012, "Modern Chinese Dictionary" (6th edition) was first published in Beijing, with words from Hong Kong and Taiwan The entries showed strong influence, and distinctive vocabulary such as "fighting, gossip" and "choking, worshipping tickets" were included.
The new version of the dictionary received a total of more than 13,000 words, the number of entries increased to more than 69,000, and nearly 3,000 new words were added. The scale of revision is unprecedented, and there are no lack of "thunder" and " Internet hot words such as "Geely", there are also foreign words such as ECFA (the cross-strait economic cooperation framework agreement), PM2.5 (inhalable particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns floating in the air).
Introduced by Jiang Lansheng, the former vice president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the president of the Chinese Lexicographical Society, and the host of the sixth edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary". For example, words such as "Mother's Day and Valentine's Day" from the West reflect the exchange and integration of Chinese and Western cultures; "low-carbon, emission reduction, and second-hand smoke" can show the increase in environmental protection awareness of the Chinese people; Nouns such as, Daren, Angry Youth, Famous Mouth, Banana Man, Ant Clan, etc. directly reflect some new social groups and their characteristics; Words such as ”, hush money” reflect some negative effects on people’s values during the period of social transformation.
As seen in the new dictionary, the influence of dialect words or regional words on Mandarin can also be seen. For example, new items from Taiwan include "choking, support, embarrassment, MRT, cheating, software, hardware, pipeline" and "vote, thank you, platform" related to election culture. The Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao regions also have a great influence on Mandarin. In addition to the "paying bills and firing" in the 5th edition, the 6th edition also includes "gossips, jokes, paparazzi, nonsensical, hand-written letters" and so on.
Because of the extensive influence of Zhao Benshan's sketches and TV dramas, the Northeast dialects such as "Flicker, Ripse, Designation" and other dialects have also been included this time.
Behind the revisions
The addition or deletion of a word must pass at least three passes
The revision of "Modern Chinese Dictionary", each A specific revision work almost has to go through constant discussion, and it is impossible to get it in place all at once through the iterative process of changing it and then changing it back.
In the revision process of the 6th edition, the revision team was divided into several groups according to the dictionary entries, including language group, science and technology group, philosophy and community group, etc. Some of the team members have PhD degrees, and some have years of experience in compiling dictionaries.
The revision team also set up a research group specifically to collect new words. The new word research group collects new words extensively through a well-designed new word search program. In addition, the members of the working group should usually record and pay attention to the reading materials.
Although the 6th edition finally added more than 3,000 new words, the number of new words collected through the research group far exceeds this number.
Whether a new word can be included in the dictionary requires at least three screenings. The first is the first screening of group members. The new words collected by the new word research group are often relatively coarse and wide in scope, requiring manual screening and intervention. This is the first hurdle, the second hurdle is the team leader’s suggestion for amendments, and the third hurdle has to be checked by the chief reviewer. In addition, there will be a review process in the later stage, in which experts, scholars and social forces are invited to conduct a final review of the revised manuscript.
What kind of words have been deleted? ——Pure classical Chinese words and outdated transliterated words
The 5th edition of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" has deleted about 2000 old words. The deleted entries mainly include the following aspects: pure classical Chinese words, such as "carrying two (two hearts; centrifugal), eunuchs (eunuchs), Jin Jin (tribute to the emperor for sacrifices by princes)", etc.; Use narrow dialect words, such as "Baixiangren (a person who is idle and evil; a gangster), Digener (basic; always), Sayazi (let go and run)", etc.; outdated transliteration words, such as "Amateur (amateur) Lovers), bitterness (coup d’etat), Fan Yaling (violin)" etc.; words that reflect outdated things and are no longer used, such as "bangkou (in the old society, local or industry borrowing from fellow villagers or other relationships) Combined small groups), land wealth (referring to private properties buried in the ground during the land reform period), and withdrawal (landlord forcibly repossessing the land leased to farmers for farming)" and so on.
What kind of word meaning should be revised? ——Words that are prone to ambiguity
The 6th edition also revised the definitions of some words. For example, the term low price, the old version of the definition of low price is "lower than the average price." After repeated discussions, experts believe that this interpretation is prone to ambiguity. It can be interpreted as a price that is "lower than the general price", and its part of speech is nominal; it can also be understood as lower than the "general price", so it is verbal. After many demonstrations, the experts finally decided to modify this interpretation, which was changed to "lower price" in the new version.
Why the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" has achieved outstanding and groundbreaking achievements.
The two chief editors of "Modern Chinese Dictionary", Mr. Lu Shuxiang and Mr. Ding Shengshu, are both well-known linguists at home and abroad. They are members of the Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. High achievements have been made in many fields such as Chinese grammar, character reform, phonology, exegesis, grammar, dialects, dictionary compilation, and collation of ancient books. Mr. Lu presided over the compilation of the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" for more than four years, determined the compilation rules, and completed the "trial print", laying a solid foundation for the "Modern Chinese Dictionary". Mr. Ding has been in charge of editing and finalizing the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" for more than ten years. On the basis of the "trial version", he has carefully revised and improved the dictionary words and phrases.
Its reviewers are all top-level Chinese masters in China. For example, Wang Li, a professor at Peking University. His "Manuscripts of Chinese History" and "Modern Chinese Grammar" have long become classics of linguistics. The 20 volumes of the brilliant work "Wang Li's Collected Works" established his position as a master of linguistics; Li Jinxi, Beijing Professor of Normal University, former Director of the Compilation Office of the Chinese Dictionary, and editor of the Chinese Dictionary of Chinese Language, which was influential during the Republic of China. His masterpiece "New Chinese Grammar" has influenced several generations of linguists; Wei Jiangong, Professor of Peking University , Used to serve as the president of Xinhua Dictionary Society, and edited China's first new-type normative dictionary "Xinhua Dictionary". He has made outstanding contributions to phonology, text and ancient books collation. Others such as Lu Zhiwei, Li Rong, Lu Zongda, Ye Laishi, Ye Shengtao, Zhou Dingyi, Zhou Zumo, Shi Mingyuan, Zhou Haoran, Zhu Wenshu, etc., the review committee members of the 5th edition in 2005 Cao Xianzhen, Chao Jizhou, Chen Yuan, Dong Kun, Han Jingti, Hu Mingyang, Jiang Lansheng, Liu Qinglong, Lu Jianming, Lu Zunwu, Shen Jiaxuan, Su Peicheng, Wang Ning, Xu Shu, Zhou Mingjian, and the host of the sixth edition, Jiang Lansheng, are all highly accomplished experts in linguistics and lexicography.
Because of the two presided over by Mr. Lv Shuxiang and Ding Shengshu, a group of top-level language experts have reviewed and contributed their talents, and the overall level of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" can reach unprecedented heights. , And achieved outstanding and pioneering achievements in terms of collection, phonetic notation, interpretation, and use cases.
Writer
Review Committee
Trial copy
Ding Shengshu | Li Jinxi | Li Rong | Lu Zhiwei | Lu Zongda |
Lu Shuxiang | Shi Mingyuan td> | Wang Li | Wei Jiangong | Ye Laishi |
Ye Shengtao | Zhou Dingyi | Zhou Haoran | Zhou Zumo | p>Uncle Zhu Wen |
Fifth Edition p>
Cao Xianzhu (Director) | Chao Jizhou | Chen Yuan | Dong Kun | Han Jingti |
Hu Mingyang | Jiang Lansheng | Liu Qinglong | Lu Jianming | Lu Zunwu |
Shen Jiaxuan | Su Peicheng | Wang Ning | Xu Shu | Zhou Mingjian td> |
Sixth Edition
Cao Xianzhu (Consultant) p> | Hu Mingyang (Consultant) | Cai Wenlan | < td width="140">Cheng Rong | |
Dong Kun | Han Jingti | Jiang Lansheng | Lu Jianming | Shen Jiaxuan | tr>
Su Baorong | Su Peicheng | Tan Jingchun | Wang Ning p> | Zhang Bo |
Zhang Zhiyi | Zhou Mingjian |
Editor-in-chief of the trial print in 1960 (1956-1960)Lu Shuxiang b>
Main editor
Sun Dexuan | Sun Chongyi | He Meicen | Li Bochun | Xiao Jialin | Kong Fanjun |
Wang Shuda | Liu Qinglong | Guo Di | Li Wensheng | Liu Jiexiu | Mo Heng |
Wu Chongkang | Li Guoyan | Zheng Yimu | Shan Yaohai | Lu Tianchen | Xu Xiao-axe |
Fan Jiyan | Fan Fanglian | Fu Jing | Jiang Yuan | Wang Lida |
Xu Shilu | He Danjiang | Gao Zejun | Wang Huanzhen | Zhao Guijun | Wang Yunming | Yao Baotian |
Editor-in-chief of the 1965 trial version (1961-1965)Ding ShengshuAssist Li Rong
Sun Dexuan | He Meicen | Li Bochun | Liu Qinglong | Mo Heng |
Wu Chongkang | Li Guoyan | Shan Yaohai | Lu Tianchen | Wu Changheng |
Lu Zhuoyuan td> | Qu Hanzhang | Liu Jiexiu | Shu Baozhang | Jin Youjing |
Min Jiaji | Han Jingti | Li Yuying < /td> | Zhang Yuzhong | Xia Yimin |
Data personnel
Xu Shilu | Wang Huanzhen p> | Yue Junling | Song Huide |
First edition of 1978 (1973-1978) Editor-in-ChiefDing Shengshu< /b>Main revision staff
Min Jiaji
Liu Qinglong
Sun Dexuan
Han Jingti
Li Guoyan
Lv Tianchen
Li Bochun
td>Mo Heng
Wu Changheng
Wu Chongkang
Lu Zhuoyuan
Qu Hanzhang
Liu Jiexiu
Li Yuying
< /td>Zhang Yuzhong
Sing Yaohai
Zhou Dingyi
Guan Xiechu
Shao Rongfen
Wang Kezhong
Mai Meiqiao
Bai Wanru
Huang Xuezhen
Jin Youjing
Cao Jianfen
Liu Lianyuan
Chen Jiayou
Liu Fengyun
Xia Yimin
Data Staff
Song Huide | Yue Junling | in Qingzhi | Wang Huanzhen | Chen Menghua |
1996 revision (third edition) (1993-1996) revision reviewShan Yaohai 、Han Jingti Main revision staff
Chao Jizhou< /p> | Wu Changheng | Wu Chongkang | Dong Kun | Li Zhijiang | Liu Qinglong | Li Guoyan |
Mo Heng | Lü Tianchen | Lu Zunwu | Cao Lanping | Jia Caizhu | huang Hua |
Computer processing and data personnel
Wang Wei | Song Huide | Guo Xiaomei | Zhang Tong | Zhang Lin | < /tr>
The fifth edition of 2005 (1999-2005) revised hostChao Jizhou、 b>Han Jingti
People who participated in the revision Members (arranged in surname sequence)
Cao Lanping | Jia Caizhu | Li Zhijiang | Liu Qinglong | < td width="99">Lu Jing | Tan Jingchun | Wang Nan | Wang Wei |
Participants of partial revision
Cheng Rong | Du Xiang | Huang Hua | Meng Qinghai | Pan Xuelian |
John chapter | Wang Kezhong | Wang Xia | Zhang Tiewen | Zhao Daming |
Information personnel: Guo Xiaomei, Wang Qingli
Person in charge of part-of-speech tagging review: Xu Shu
Person in charge of reviewing philosophical articles: Dong Kun
Review of science and technology items Person in charge: Zhou Mingjian
2012 6th Edition (2008-2012) Revision Host:Jiang Lansheng ,Tan Jingchun, Cheng RongParticipants in the revision
Han Jingti | Chao Jizhou | Dong Kun | p>Zhao Daming | Li Zhijiang | Jia Caizhu | Guo Xiaowu | ||
Wang Nan | Wang Wei | Du Xiang | Zhang Tiewen | Wang Xia | Cao Lanping | Lu Jing |
Cai Wenlan | < p>Lu Zunwu | Xu Shu | Huang Xuezhen td> | Wang Haifen | Wang Kezhong | Pan Xuelian | Hou Ruifen | Zhang Ding |
Information staff: Guo Xiaomei, Wang Qingli
Honors and Awards
In 1993, the first Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Award for Outstanding Scientific Research Achievements.
In 1994, the first National Book Award.
In 1997, the first prize of the Second National Dictionary Award.
In 2002, the first prize of the 4th Wu Yuzhang Humanities and Social Science Award.
In 2007, the first China Publishing Government Award Book Award.
Appreciation and Appreciation
Many of the new words included in the sixth edition have oral and dialect colors, which are in line with the needs of modern language life. Flowing relationship". (Professor of Beijing Language and Culture UniversityLi Yumingreview)
"I have lived to be more than 80 years old, it can be said that there will not be a day The dictionary is not searched, because it accompanies people for life. The "Modern Chinese Dictionary" is a decades-old product. Almost every teacher has one copy. It is not only useful for teenagers during school, but also affects people for a lifetime." ( Yu Yizeng, a famous Chinese educator)
These new words in "Modern Chinese Dictionary" fully reflect the new things, new concepts, and new changes in social life that have emerged in the new era in China And people’s new ideas reflect the rapid growth of China’s wealth, the increasing awareness of environmental protection and some of the existing social problems. (British "Daily Telegraph")
Publication significance and influence
Publication significance
Publishing of "Modern Chinese Dictionary" It fills up the blank of our country's normative language dictionary. When foreign leaders visited China in the 1950s and 1960s, some would give their own dictionary to the Chinese government as a gift. At that time, we could only give back a copy of "Xinhua Dictionary", which was not commensurate with the status of a big country. .
The "Modern Chinese Dictionary" summarizes the achievements of the Chinese vernacular movement since the 20th century. Fully regulated.
The "Modern Chinese Dictionary" has reached a new height in dictionary theory, compilation level, and editing quality. It is a model work for the compilation and publication of dictionaries. Its large circulation and wide range of applications are rare in the history of the world's dictionaries; its unification and standardization of modern Chinese, the research, learning and correct application of modern Chinese, and the expansion of the exchanges between China and all ethnic groups in the world. Important influence.
After the publication of "Modern Chinese Dictionary", it has become a must for teachers and students from all walks of life, especially teachers and students in elementary and middle schools, researchers, reporters, editors, announcers, presenters, secretaries and even judges. Language reference books have become an important basis for college entrance examination examination papers, broadcast hosts, newspaper editors, legal rulings, formulation and revision of national language policies and regulations.
The "Modern Chinese Dictionary" is not only one of the most important reference books for Chinese people all over the world to study modern Chinese, but also known as the "Bible" for people in many countries and regions in the world to study and learn Chinese. So far, in addition to the mainland Chinese version, the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" also has a Singapore version, a Korean version, and a Hong Kong version.
The "Modern Chinese Dictionary" also provides a good Chinese blueprint for the compilation of various Chinese and foreign dictionaries. Since the 1980s, various Chinese and foreign dictionaries have sprung up, like a hundred flowers blooming. One of the very important reasons is the publication of the "Modern Chinese Dictionary". Therefore, the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" not only plays an active role in "promoting common activities and promoting the standardization of Chinese" in the country and internationally.
Social Responsibility
The "Modern Chinese Dictionary" shoulders the tasks assigned by the state to promote Mandarin and promote the standardization of Chinese. For the language standards that have been formulated and promulgated, it must implement it; for areas that have not yet formed a standard, it must clarify the normative guidance according to the law of language development and the principles of conventions, guide readers to use, and create conditions for the formulation of norms and standards.对已有规范标准中不够完善的地方，它还要加以补充和适当的修正，使之更加完善，从而也为这些标准的修订准备条件。语言是不断发展的，因而也就要求不断地规范。 《现代汉语词典》需要及时反映汉语的发展，不断促进汉语的规范化。
词典争议
联名举报
2012年8月28日，包括中国社会科学院哲学研究所研究员李敏生、“五笔字型”发明人王永民和翻译家江枫等在内的一百多名学者联合签名举报信，称商务印书馆2012年出版的第6版《现代汉语词典》收录“NBA”等239个西文字母开头的词语，违犯了《中华人民共和国国家通用语言文字法》、国务院《出版管理条例》(国务院第594号令)等法规。对此，“现汉”第6版修订主持人江蓝生则表示，相关规定是不能滥用字母词，与词典在后附上字母词供读者查找方便是两回事。
李敏生表示，语言文字是中华文化的基础，英语引入《现代汉语词典》，是从根本上破坏中国文化的基础，是对汉字实质性的破坏。对此，江蓝生表示，新闻出版总署的相关条例，是不能滥用字母词，与我们把群众日常生活中常用的字母词附在后面，让大家有一个地方去查，是两回事。字母词是一个客观存在，条例没有说禁止使用字母词，中央电视台的缩写是CCTV，老百姓上医院照B超查CT，空气质量有了PM2.5，日常生活中能离开这些字母词吗？词典附上常用的字母词，是为读者提供方便。
有“语林啄木鸟”之称的《咬文嚼字》杂志副主编黄安靖表示，“违犯法规”的说法有点过头，现代汉语中，一些借用外国语的字母词历来就有，如X光。实际上并没有法律规定不允许使用字母词，不允许使用字母词的规定也是不现实的。
新词收录
2012年《现代汉语词典》第六版正式发行，日常的语言环境中被广泛使用的“剩男”、“剩女”、“神马”等热词，并未被收录进新版《现代汉语词典》中，这引起了一些争议。
《现代汉语词典》第六版主编江蓝生对此解释道：“‘神马’只是一种临时的用法，俏皮的用法。作为一个规范的疑问词，疑问代词我们有‘什么’，我们干吗用‘神马’来干扰它呢？”
“并非收录新词越多就越与时俱进。”《咬文嚼字》主编郝铭鉴也认为，“在社会转型因素和互联网的推波助澜下，眼下我国正进入汉语创造力空前爆发、全民参与‘造词造句’的语言狂欢阶段，许多潮词潮语可能都是昙花一现、过眼浮云。词典编纂不妨保持比语言生活稍稍‘慢几拍’的速度，让其经过一个大浪淘沙、积淀筛选的过程，否则反而会给人们的语言生活造成负担。”
除了通用性和生命力的标准，有专家认为，价值观和社会效果也是《现代汉语词典》这样的语言规范类工具书必须考量的标准之一。
比如“剩男”“剩女”未被收录，江蓝生表示，“对于因种种原因不能够及时结婚的人，他们有各种各样的原因”，因此这个表述不够尊重人。
选词入典需不需要体现人文关怀？这一观点引起了争议。复旦大学附属中学特级教师黄玉峰认为，他赞成“剩男”“剩女”落选，却并不认为其价值取向不对，而是认为它们经历的时间还不够久。
“选词不应该有双重标准，词典唯一的标准，只能是语言本身。”许多专家坚持这一观点。他们认为为了真实记录同时方便查阅，选词应不论褒贬，不能在忌讳中失去客观。只有这样，才能体现对语言文字的尊重。
事实上，第6版词典也收录了不少负面词汇，“潜规则”、“吃回扣”、“封口费”等都反映了社会的阴暗面。张颐武认为：“它们确实反映了当前社会中存在的一些现象，所以被收录也是很正常的。”
