Populationandresidents
Itonlyaccountsfor3.8%ofRussia’sterritory,butithasapopulationofmorethan14inthecountry-37,142,300,themainethnicgroupbeingRussiaEthnicgroups,aswellastheBelarusian,UkrainianandMoldovanethnicgroups.
Naturalenvironment
ThecentralareaislocatedinthemiddleeastoftheEasternEuropeanPlain,withanelevationofabout200meters,flatterrainandlargecultivatedland.TheDonRiver,VolgaRiver,andMoskvaRiverarethemainriversinthisarea,buttheirflowrateisrelativelyslow,andtheyareimportantnavigableriversinRussia.TheRybinskReservoiristhelargestlakeintheCentralRegion,theeighthlargestandthesecondlargestman-madelakeinEurope,withanareaof4,580squarekilometers.TheclimateintheCentralRegionisatemperatecontinentalclimatewithanaverageannualrainfallof400-600mm.TheaveragetemperatureinJulydoesnotexceed22degreesCelsius,andinJanuaryitisbelowminus10degreesCelsius.Naturalresourcesarenotabundant,andtherearesomenon-metallicminerals,suchasmineralsusedintheproductionofcementandotherbuildingmaterialsandrawmaterialsfortheporcelainindustry.ThereservesofgypsumresourcesandconstructionsandintheCentralEconomicZoneareamongthebestintheRussianFederation.SomeligniteisproducedinthesuburbsofMoscowandTulaOblast,butthequalityofthecoalisnotgood.
Economy
IntheindustrialdevelopmentoftheCentralEconomicZone,themachinemanufacturingindustryoccupiesthefirstplace,andtheelectricpowerandchemicalindustriesdeveloprapidly,butthelightindustryaccountsfortheproportionoftotalindustrialoutputyearbyyear.Decline.
Thelaborforceworkinginthemachinerymanufacturing,metalcuttingprocessingandpetroleumprocessingsectorsintheCentralEconomicZoneaccountsfor3/4ofthetotalnumberofindustrialemployees.IntheCentralEconomicZone,therearemanylargeenterprisesthatdominatemachinerymanufacturing,chemicalindustry,petrochemicalindustry,andlighttextileindustry.Theyproduceanaverageof35,000tractors(VladimirCity)and5,000truckcranes(Ivan).NovoCity),13,000metalprocessinglathes(RyazanOblast,MoscowOblast),74,000cars(MoscowOblast),184,000tonsofchemicalfibers(MoscowOblast,RyazanOblast,TverOblast),andmorethan1.9billionsquaremetersofwool,Cloth,linenandsilkfabrics.
The"GreenTown"andSheremetyevoAirportinthesuburbsofMoscowhavebeenopenedupasfreeeconomiczones,butthepreferentialpoliciesforforeigninvestmentinthezonearestillunclear.AgricultureintheCentralEconomicZoneisrelativelydeveloped.TheyieldofcropsperhectareismorethandoubletheaverageoftheformerSovietUnion.Animalhusbandryandbreedingarealsorelativelydeveloped.Ofthearablelandarea,1/2isusedtoproducefood,1/3isusedtoproducefeed,andtheothersareusedtoproducecashcrops.
ThetotalagriculturaloutputvalueoftheCentralEconomicZoneranksfirstamongtheeconomiczonesoftheRussianFederation,especiallytheoutputofmilk,meat,eggs,potatoesandvegetables.However,duetothesmalllandandlargepopulationintheCentralEconomicZone,foodisnotyetfullyself-sufficient,andalargeamountofmeat,milk,grain,vegetablesandfruitsarestillimportedfromotherregionseveryyear.
Thearea’spromisinginvestmentdirectionsare:clothing,shoemaking,dailynecessities,furniture,carriages,automobiles,electricmotors,machinetools,metallurgicalindustry,printingindustry,glass,porcelainandceramicindustries,technology-intensiveandImportsubstitutionindustry,breedingandplanting.