Types
Serviceprogramsarealsocalledsupportsoftware,whichisatypeofprogramdesignedtohelpusersuseandmaintaincomputersandprovideservicemethods.Withthecontinuousadvancementoftechnologyandthecontinuousexpansionofapplicationfields,alargenumberofserviceprogramsareconstantlyupdatedandemerging,andsomearealsointegratedintocomponentsorkits.
1.Editingprogram
Theeditingprogramprovidesuserswithagoodwritingenvironment.Inthisenvironment,userscanconvenientlyperformaseriesofoperationssuchasinput,modification,insertion,deletion,copying,andmovementoftext,graphics,andtables.
2.Connectionassemblyprogram
Thefunctionoftheconnectionassemblyprogramistoconnectseveraltargetmodulesandcorrespondinghigh-levellanguagelibraryfunctionprogramstoproduceexecutablerunningmodules.
3.Errorcorrectionprogram
TheerrorcorrectionprogramisalsocalledDEBUG,anditsfunctionistohelpuserscheckerrorsintheprogramforcorrection.Ofcourse,theuseoferrorcorrectionprogramsrequirestraininginmachinelanguageandassemblylanguage.
4.Diagnosticprogram
Diagnosticprogramismainlyusedtohelpusersrepaircomputerhardware.Itcanperformfaultlocation,componentinspectionandtesting,andsomehavethelevelofanexpertsystem.
5.Toolsoftware
Toolsoftwareissomesoftwarethathelpsusersusecomputersanddevelopsoftware,suchassoftwaretestingtools,structuredflowchartdrawingprograms,viruscheckingandeliminationsoftware,etc.
6.Packagesoftware
Softwarepackageisabundleofseveralapplicationsortoolsoftware,alsocalledintegratedsoftware,componentorpackage.ThefamoussuiteOfficeintegrateswordtableprocessingsoftwareWord,slideproductionsoftwarePowerPoint,spreadsheetExcel,databasemanagementsystemAccess,emailmanagementsoftwareOutlook,webpagecreationsoftwareFrontPage,browsersoftwareInternetExplorer,photoeditorPhotoDrawandElectronicpublishingsoftwarePublisher,etc.Inaddition,Kingsoft’sWPS2000,Novell’sPerfectOffice,andLotus’Smartsuitareallveryusefulcomponentsforofficeautomation.
Features
Serviceprogramsarepartofthesystemsoftware.Thesystemsoftwarealsoincludestheoperatingsystem,languageprocessingprogramsofvariousprogramminglanguages,faultdiagnosisprograms,andotherserviceprograms.
Someserviceprogramsarestartedbydefaultwhenthesystemisturnedon.Ifyouforceittobeturnedoffmanually,thecomputermaynotworkproperly.Itisnotrecommendedtoclosetheserviceprogramsthatyouarenotfamiliarwith.
Functionintroduction
Serviceprogramsrefertoasetofprogramspreparedtoprovideservicemeansforuserstomaintainandusecomputers.Suchprogramscancontainawiderangeoffunctions.Generallyrefersto:programinputandassembly,editing,diagnosis,filecopying,prompthelp,etc.Withthecontinuousdevelopmentoftechnology,manyauxiliaryprogramstohelpuserscontinuetoemergeinlargenumbers.Althoughthecomputercanautomaticallyexecutetheprogramcontinuously.However,intheprocessfrominputtingsourceprogramstoformingexecutabletargetcode,usersstillhopetoobtainthehelpofacomputertohaveanidealenvironmentthatisasconvenientaspossible,whichrequiresahuman-computerinteractioninterfaceandenvironment.Someprogramsworkinteractively.Therefore,servicemethodshavebeenfurtherdevelopedintoanintegratedoperatingenvironmentforhuman-computerinteraction,andconceptssuchashuman-machineinterfaceandhuman-machinesystemhaveemerged.Themodernhuman-computerinteractionenvironmenttendstobebasedongraphicstechnology.
1.Programinput
Therearethreecommonmethodsforprograminput:
(1)Terminalkeyboardinput,entertheprogramanddataintothecomputerthroughthekeyboardontheterminal.Forasingle-usersystem,onepersonmonopolizessysteminput,andforamulti-terminalsystem,itacceptsandprocesseskeyboardinputinatime-sharingmannerunderthesupportoftheoperatingsystem.Theterminalinputmethodisusedtocreatefilesusingcommandsprovidedbytheoperatingsystem,andoftenexecuteeditingprogramstoedittheprogramfilesanddatafilesinputbytheuserasrequired.Inmicrocomputersystems,terminalinputmethodsarecommonlyused.
(2)Papertapeinputorcardinput.First,theprogramanddataaremadeintopunchedpapertapeorpunchedcard,andtheninputintothecomputerthroughthepapertapeinputmachineandthecardinputmachine.Wheninputting,thehostexecutesabootprogram,andguidestheinputbufferinthememoryaccordingtoacertainformattotheinformationsentfromtheinputmachine,andchecksitduringtheinputprocesstodeterminewhethertheinputinformationiscorrect.Thesystemprovidesconnectionmacroinstructionstorealizetheconnectionandassemblybetweenprograms.
(3)Offlineinputmethod.Inbatchprocessingsystems,inordertomakefulluseofthehigh-speedCPUprocessingcapabilities,ofteninanofflineenvironment(withoutusingahigh-speedhost),theuserfirstenterstheprogramanddataintothetapeordiskthroughtheinputmachine,suchaspapertapeinputmachine,cardinputThesystemoperatorassemblesthetapesanddiscstothehostsystem,andthentransfersthemtothemainmemorybythejobschedulerwhenconditionsareripe.
2.Editing
Editingprogramisakindofserviceprogramthatisoftenused.Itenablesuserstoeasilyinputandedittheirownprogramfilesordatafileswiththehelpofakeyboardandadisplayterminal,suchasdeleting,modifying,andinsertingSomecontent.Carryoutrelocation,assembly,copying,etc.Thesystemprovidesuserswithasetofeditingcommands.Theusercanissuecommandsthroughthekeysforediting,andthecursorindicatesthepositionoftheoperation.
Theeditingfunctionisdividedintotwotypes:lineeditingandscreenediting.Thelineeditingmethodneedstospecifythelinenumber,andthenusethislineforthecurrentline.Youcancopyordeletethecontentoftheline,oraddseverallines,ormovethecursortoacertainpositioninthelinetodelete,modify,andinsertwithinaline.Thescreeneditingmethodismoreconvenient.Youcanmovethecursortofindanylineintheentirefile,andthenperformeditingoperations.Obviously,youcannotonlyusetheeditingfunctiontoeditthesourceprogram,butalsoeditothertextualdocuments,reports,newspapers,books,etc..Manyunitsnowprintsummaryreports,issuenotices,compilebooksandperiodicals,andtypeset,allusingcomputersforediting.
3.Windowtechnology
Themonitorprovidesadisplayscreen,butweoftenhavesuchaneed:Inadditiontodisplayingbasiccontent,oneorseveralpartialareasprovideauxiliarydisplaycontent,suchasmenusandpromptmessages.Enlargepartofthescreenorobject,somerunningresults,etc.;ordividethedisplayscreenintoseveralareastodisplaydifferentcontents,suchastherunningstatusofmultipleprograms.Thesepartialdisplayareascanbecalledwindows,andthedevelopmentofwindowtechnologyhasmadethedisplaymulti-layered,multi-faceted,andmoreflexible.
4.Human-computerinteractionenvironment
Whendesigningsystemsoftware,itisnecessarytodetermineaclearhuman-machineinterface,thatis,whatmethodsandcommandstheoperatorcantaketooperatethecomputer,andinwhatwaysandformsthecomputerresponds.Tothisend,inadditiontothecommandprocessingprogramintheoperatingsystem,itisoftennecessarytoconfigurecorrespondingsupportingsoftware,suchasmenus,windows,graphics,promptfunctions,trackingprograms,editing,connectionassembly,etc.,whichformsanintegratedhuman-computerinteractionenvironment.Ifitiswelldesignedandeasytooperate,itcanfullymobilizethepotentialofthecomputer.Getasmuchhelpfromthecomputeraspossible,andtheoperatingenvironmentisvividandintuitive.Peoplecallitafriendlyhuman-computerinteractionenvironment.
Examplesofserviceprograms
Inordertoimprovetheefficiencyofthemachineandsimplifytheprogramdesign,someserviceprogramsareintroducedhere.Theserviceprogramcanbeusedasanauxiliarytooltoadjusttheprogram.Widelyusedwillgreatlyreducetheprogrammingwork,reduceoravoidcertainerrors(suchaspapertapeerrorsandcopyerrorswhenusingsubroutines,etc.).
Commonlyusedserviceprogramsinclude:internalstoragezeroingprogram,secondaryinputprogram,checkingsumprogram,grouptransmissionandgroupcomparisonprogram,groupprintingprogram,grouptranslationprogram.Theyaremainlyusedassomeauxiliarytoolstoensurethecorrectinputandadjusttheprogram.