Introductiontothefunctionsofcommonlyusedexternalcommands
DISKCOPY-entirediskcopycommand
1.Function:Copyfloppydiskswithexactlythesameformatandcontent.
2.Type:Externalcommand
3.Format:DISKCOPY[DiskLetter1:][DiskLetter2:]
4.Instructionsforuse:
1)Ifthetargetfloppydiskisnotformatted,thesystemwillautomaticallyselectformattingwhencopying.
2)Iftheoriginalfilesonthetargetfloppydiskarecopied,theywillallbelost.
3)Ifitisasingle-drivecopy,thesystemwillprompttoreplacethesourcediskandthetargetdiskinatimelymanner.Pleasepayattentiontodistinguishthesourcediskandthetargetdiskduringoperation.
FORMAT——Formattingcommand
Asweallknow,newlypurchaseddisksmustbeformattedbeforetheycanbeused.TheFORMATcommandcancompletetheformattingoffloppydisksandharddisks.Theformatis"FORMAT[driveletter][parameter]",forexample:"FORMATA:/S".Ithastwocommonparameters:
/Q:performquickformat;
/S:completetheformat,andcopythesystembootfiletothedisk.
Note:Thiscommandwillerasealldataonthedestinationdisk,sopleaseuseitcarefully.Ifanormalformatiscarriedout,thedataonthediskmaystillberestored,butif"/Q"isadded,itwillbemoredifficulttorestorethanthesky.
EDIT——editingcommand
Infact,itisatexteditingsoftware,youcanuseittoedittextfilesconvenientlyunderDOS,theformatis"EDIT[filename][Parameters]",itsparametersarenotparticularlyuseful,soIwon'ttalkaboutthemhere.
SYS--Systembootfiletransfercommand
ItcantransferseveralfilessuchasIO.SYStothedestinationdisksothatitcanbebootedandstarted.Theformatis"SYS[driveletter]"
ATTRIB--Fileattributesettingcommand
Throughthiscommand,wecanviewandchangetheattributesofthefile.Theformatis"ATTRIB[path][filename][parameter]",ifnoparameterisadded,thefileattributeisdisplayed.Itsparametersare"+?"and"-?","?"representstheattributecode,thesecodesare:"H"hidden;"S"system;"R"read-only,"+"meansgrant,"-"meansremoval.
XCOPY(Xcopy.EXE)--copycommand
Thiscommandisenhancedonthebasisof"COPY"andcancopymultiplesubdirectories.Ithasmanyparameters,butthemostcommonlyusedis"/S",whichcancopymultiplesubdirectoriesunderadirectory,and"/E"cancopyemptydirectories.Theformatis"XCOPY[sourcepath][sourcedirectory/filename][destinationdirectory/filename][parameter]".
SCANDISK--DiskScanner
Thiscommandisveryusefulinactualoperation.Itcanscanandrepairthedisk,andcansolvemostofthediskfiledamageproblem.Theformatis"SCANDISK[driveletter:][parameter]".Thefollowingareitsparameters:
/fragment[drivename:\path\filename]:UsethisparametertodisplaywhetherthefilecontainsIntermittentblocks,wecansolvethisproblembyrunningDiskDefragmenter;
/all:checkandrepairalllocaldrives;
/autofix:automaticallyrepairerrors,thatis,Therewillbenopromptwhenrepairing;
/checkonly:onlycheckthedisk,notrepairerrors;
/custom:runScandiskaccordingtothecontentoftheScandisk.inifile,Scandisk.iniItisatextfilethatcontainsthesettingsfortheScandiskprogram.The[custom]blockisexecutedafteraddingthe"/custom"parameter.Userscanmakedifferentsettingsaccordingtotheirdifferentsituations;
/nosave:directlydeletethemissingclustersafterchecking,withoutconvertingthemintofiles;
/nosummary:donotdisplaythechecksummary,andexittheprogramdirectlyafterthecheckiscompleted;
/surface:Scanthedisksurfaceaftercompletingthepreliminaryinspection;
/mono:RunScandiskinmonochrome.
Wecanadddifferentparametersaccordingtodifferentsituations.Wecanexecute"scandisk/all/checkonly/nosave/nosummary"tocompletethediskcheckandexitautomatically.Inaddition,wecaneditthesettingsinthescandisk.inifile,andthenrun"scandisk/custom".Iftherearemanydamagedfiles,wecanuse"/autofix"torepairitautomatically,otherwiseitwillbetoobusyforyou.
CHKDSK(Chkdsk.EXE)-Diskcheckcommand
Itwillcheckthediskandwilldisplayadiskstatusreport.Theformatis"CHKDSK[driveletter:][parameter]",themostcommonlyusedparameteris"/F",whichcanrepairfileerrors.
MOVE(Move.EXE)--Filemovecommand
Useittomovefiles.Theformatis"MOVE[sourcefile][destinationpath]".Youcanalsousewildcards.
DELTREE(Deltree.EXE)--deletecommand
ThisisasuperenhancedversionoftheDELcommand.Itcannotonlydeletefiles,butalsodeleteallfilesinthespecifieddirectoryDeleteitalongwiththesubdirectories.Usingit,wecaneasilydeletethedirectorycompletely.Theformatis"DELTREE[file/path][parameter]",theparameterhasa"/Y",thesystemwillaskeachfilewhenitisused,anddeleteitafteranswering"Y".
FDISK(Fdisk.EXE)-partitioncommand
ThegeneralsyntaxofthecommandlineformatoftheFDISKprogramis:FDISK/parameterswitch,thefollowingistheirspecificfunctiondescription:
/ACTOK
Parameterfunction:Doesnotcheckwhethertherearebadsectorsonthedisksurface.Itcanpartitiontheharddiskdirectlywithoutdetectingwhethertherearebadareasonthedisksurface.
/CMBR
Parameterfunction:re-establishthemasterbootrecordfunctiondescriptionofthespecifieddisk.Theoperationisequivalenttothe/MBRparameter,exceptthatthediskcanbespecified.
/EXT
Parameterfunction:createanextendedpartitiononthecurrentdisk(usedtocreatealogicaldiskpartitionlater).
/FPRMT
Parameterfunction:inquireabouttheuseofFAT16orFAT32ininteractivemode.Whenthe/FPRMTparameterisadded,therewillnotbeaninquiryscreenwhethertosupportlarge-capacityharddisks.Instead,itwillaskwhethertouseFAT16orFAT32formateverytimeanewpartitioniscreated,sothatwecanmorefreelydividetheformatofeachdisk..
/LOG
Parameterfunction:createalogicalpartitionofadisk,use/LOGtocreatealogicaldisk,and/LOGmustbeusedwith/EXTatthesametime.
/LOGO
Parameterfunction:useFAT16formattocreatealogicalpartitionofthedisk.
/MBR
Parameterfunction:re-establishthemasterbootrecordofthemasterdisk(MasterBootRecord).AfteruninstallingWindowsNTorWindows2000,thesystemstartupoptionsrecordedinthemasterbootrecordareeliminated;whenavirusinfectsthemasterbootrecord,itisquiteeffectivetoremovethevirus.
/PRI
Parameterfunction:Createaprimarypartitiononthedisk,andthepartitionwillautomaticallybesettotheactiveform.
/PRIO
Parameterfunction:usetheFAT16formattocreatetheprimarypartitionandsetitastheactivationform.
/Q
Parameterfunction:Usingthe/Qparameterwilleliminatetheneedtorestartthecomputerafterchangingthepartitiontable.Thisisalsoamorepracticalfunction.IfyoustillneedtorunFDISKAfterrunningothersoftware,remembertousethisparameter.
/STATUS
Parameterfunction:Whenthereisnologicalpartitiononthediskextendedpartition,theextendedpartitionwillnotbedisplayed.
/X
Parameterfunction:Usingthe/XparameterwillnotproduceapartitionwithLBAattributes.
Oftheseparameters,/ACTOK,/MBR,and/Qarethemostcommonlyusedandpractical.Ingeneral,theseparameterswillmaketheFDISKprogrammorecomprehensive,buttheriskfactorofthesehiddenparametersisalsoverylarge,youshouldstilluseitwithcaution.
Operatingenvironment
Underwindowsordos.