L'évolution historique
Il y a trente mille ans, il y avait des activités humaines à Shenyang durant la période paléolithique.
Il y a 7200 ans, une branche de la nation chinoise (culture sunbird totem) y était cultivée, pêchée et chassée, prospérait et prospérait, créant une nouvelle culture musicale.
En 300 avant JC, le général QinKai de l'État de Yan a conduit son armée à expulser Donghu et a construit la ville d'attente ici.
En221 avant JC, après que Qin Shihuang ait unifié la Chine, le monde était divisé en 36 comtés, et Shenyang était subordonné au comté de Wangping, comté de Liaodong.
Dans la dynastie des Han, il existe des livres historiques appelés " houcheng ", qui appartient au comté de Wangping, comté de Liaodong de la dynastie des Han.
Au cours de la période des Trois Royaumes, Gongsunduin Liaoning a été créé avec Pingzhou, sous lequel il y avait le comté de Liaodong, le comté de Changli, le comté de Xuantu, le comté de Liaoxi, le comté de Lelang, le comté de Daifang, etc.
A l'époque de Goguryeo, il appartenait à la ville de Liaodong.
Au cours de la dynastie Tang, il appartenait au « Shenzhou » d'AnDong Duhu.
Au cours des cinq dynasties, Yelu Abaoji a déplacé le peuple Han à cet endroit à grande échelle, construit à atucheng, et la production s'est développée en conséquence, appartenant à Shenzhou.
Au cours de la dynastie Jin, Wanyan Agu a attaqué et capturé Shenzhou, en utilisant le nom « Shenzhou ».
Au cours de la troisième année de Yuanzhen dans la dynastie Yuan (1296), le Tucheng a été reconstruit sous la dynastie Yuan, et Shenzhou a été changé en « Shenyang Road », qui relevait de la juridiction de la province de Liaoyang.
Au cours de la dix-neuvième année de Hongwu dans la dynastie Ming (1386), la dynastie Ming a changé son nom en " Shenyang Road " en " Shenyang Zhongwei ".
Au cours de la sixième année du mandat du ciel (1621), l'armée Qing s'empara de Shenyang.
Au cours de la dixième année du mandat du ciel (1625), Qing Taizu Nurhachi a déplacé la capitale de Liaoyang à Shenyang Zhongwei, et a commencé à construire le palais impérial à Shenyang (maintenant Shenyang Imperial Palace).
Au cours de la première année de TianCong (1627), l'empereur Taizong de la dynastie Qing et l'empereur Taiji agrandirent la ville de Shenyang à grande échelle et construisirent Shengjing huit portes à Shenyang.
Au cours de la huitième année de TianCong (1634), l'empereur Taizong de la dynastie Qing respectait Shenyanga en tant que « ShengJing », soit « ShengJing ».
Au cours de la première année de Chongde (1636), la Mongolie retourna à la dynastie Qing et utilisa des chameaux blancs pour transporter des objets sacrés mongols—Mahagara Golden Buddha et Chuanguo Jade Seal à Shenyang.
Au cours de la première année de Chongde (1636), les Mandchous, les Mongols et les Hantribes présentèrent une table de persuasion. Huang Taiji se proclama empereur à Shenyang et changea son nom en dynastie Qing.
Au cours de la huitième année de Chongde (1643), l'empereur Taizong de la dynastie Qing ordonna à l'empereur Taiji de construire quatre tours et quatre temples à l'est, à l'ouest, au sud-nord avec l'ancienne ville de Shenyanga comme centre.
Au cours de la première année de Shunzhi (1644), après que la dynastie Qing Zufum a déplacé la capitale à Pékin, Shengjing (maintenant Shenyang) est devenue la capitale d'accompagnement.
À partir de la première année de Shunzhi (1644), la dynastie Qing a mis en œuvre une politique d'incitation à l'immigration et a permis aux habitants de diverses provinces du continent d'y cultiver.
IntheeighthyearofShunzhi (1651), theQinggovernmentpromulgatedthe "RegulationsforReclamationofPeopleinLiaodong", whichstipulatedthat "everyfarmerswhomigratedshouldbeprovidedwithonebucketoffoodpermonth, andsixlitersofseedsperreclaimedland.Kenminloaned20cattleforevery100people, ofwhichthefoodandseedswillbepaidbackaftertheautumnharvest." "Whenevernewpeoplearerecruited, theywillbesenttothegovernmentandthecountyofficialswillbegiventworopestothefoundation, whichisaboutthirtyfeet (about30feet) .Onthe2nd) inthewild, eachonewillgivefiveropes (25mu) ofland, anditwillalwaysbeacivilianindustry".
Au cours de la quatorzième année de Shunzhi (1657), le palais Fengtian a été établi dans la ville de Shengjing (maintenant Shenyang) avec le sens de " Fengtian transportant des transports ". Shenyang est également connu sous le nom de " Fengtian ".
InthefifteenthyearofShunzhi (1658), « theQinggovernmentstipulatedthat dependingonthesizeofthecultivatedarea, thepromotionoflocalofficialsmaybedecided, orplaquesmaybegiventoshowpraise. » Thepolicyisveryfavorable.Manyvillageswererelocatedinmanyplaces, andsomelocalofficialsledthemtopromotetherelocation.ThisistheeventofthetransferofpeopleduringtheShunzhiperiodinthebook.TheancestorsofmanypeopleinShenyangweretransferredfromthepeopleduringtheShunzhiperiod ..
Au cours de la deuxième année de Kangxi (1663 après JC), l'« Ordonnance de recrutement de Liaodong » a été promulguée, qui stipulait que « 100 personnes à Liaodong devaient être recrutées sans examen, et elles seraient recrutées par le magistrat du comté ».
InthefourthyearofYongzheng (1727), withtheincreasingimmigration, theQinggovernmentestablishedYongjiPrefectureinWulaCity, JilinProvince (nowJilinCity, JilinProvince), andNinggutaCity (nowNing'an, Heilongjiang) InTainingCounty, ChangningCountywasestablishedinBodune (nowNingjiangDistrict, SongyuanCity, thejunctionofInnerMongolia, Jilin, andHeilongjiang), andwasmanagedbyFengtianfu (nowShenyang).
Au cours de la troisième année de Xuantong (1911), après la Révolution de 1911, Shenyang est devenue la capitale sous le régime de Zhang Zuolin.
Au cours de la douzième année de la République de Chine (1923), le bureau municipal de Fengtian a été officiellement établi et Shenyang est apparu pour la première fois dans le système d'organisation de la ville.
Au cours de la 16e année de la République de Chine (1927), après la réunion du « 7 août » du Parti, le Comité central du Parti a décidé de créer Chento pour former le Comité provincial de Mandchourie du Parti communiste de Chine afin d'unifier la direction de l'organisation du Parti du Nord-Est.
InSeptemberintheseventeenthyearoftheRepublicofChina (1928), theManchuriaProvincialInterimCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaconvenedthethirdpartymembercongressinShenyang.TheconferencedecidedtochangetheManchuriaInterimCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinatotheManchuriaProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina..ChenWeiren, Liu Shaoqi, ChenTanqiu, LuoDengxianandotherssuccessivelyservedassecretaryoftheprovincialpartycommittee.
Le 29 décembre 1928, Zhang Xuelian a annoncé que le Nord-Est avait changé son drapeau.
Le 5 février de la dix-huitième année de la République de Chine (1929), le nom de la province de Fengtian a été changé en province de Liaoning, et le 2 avril, " Fengtian City " a été changé en " Shenyang City ".
Au cours de la vingtième année de la République de Chine (1931), les impérialistes japonais lancèrent " l'incident du 18 septembre " et envahirent Shenyang.
Au cours de la trente-quatrième année de la République de Chine (1945), la guerre anti-japonaise a été victorieuse et le nord-est a été récupéré.
Shenyang a été officiellement libéré le 2 novembre de la 37e année de la République de Chine (1948).
En 1953, Shenyang est devenue une municipalité relevant directement du gouvernement central.
En 1954, Shenyang est devenue une ville relevant de la juridiction de la province du Liaoning.
En 1964, le comité du parti provincial du Liaoning du parti communiste chinois a décidé d'établir la préfecture de Shenyang.
En 1993, les comtés de Faku et de Kangping de la ville d'origine de Tieling ont été placés sous la juridiction de Shenyang, et le comté de Xinmin a été retiré du comté et a été érigé en ville.
En 1994, Shenyang est devenue une ville sous-provinciale.
En 2002, la zone de développement économique et technologique de Shenyang a été fusionnée avec le district de Tiexi.
En 2006, le nouveau district de Shenbei a été créé.
Le 17 juin 2014, avec l'approbation du Conseil d'État, il a été convenu de changer le nom du district de Dongling de la ville de Shenyang en district de Hunnan.
Le 7 janvier 2016, avec l'approbation du Conseil d'État (GuoHan[2016] No.6), le comté de Liaozhong a été révoqué et le district de Liaozhong de la ville de Shenyang a été créé.
Divisions administratives
Shenyang a juridiction sur 13 districts administratifs au niveau du comté, dont 10 districts municipaux, 1 ville au niveau du comté et 2 comtés.
Environnement Géographique
Emplacement
Shenyang est situé dans la partie sud du nord-est de la Chine, dans la partie centrale de la province du Liaoning, relié à la péninsule de Liaodong au sud, et les contreforts de la montagne Changbai
ShenyangVilleRelief
ShenyangislocatedinthemiddleoftheLiaohePlain, withthehillsandmountainsintheeastofLiaodong, andthehillsinthenorthofLiaobei.Theterrainisgraduallyopenandflattothewestandsouth.Transitionintoalargealluvialplain.Theterrainextendsfromnortheasttosouthwest, withbothsidesslopingtothemiddle.ThehighestpointisShirenMountaininLaoshigou, MagangTownship, ShenbeiNewDistrict, withanelevationof441meters, thelowestpointisQianzuojiaVillageinYujiafang, LiaozhongDistrict, withanelevationof5meters.ThetopographyofHuangguDistrict, HepingDistrictandShenheDistrictisslightlyundulating, andtheheightisbetween41.45meters.
ShenyangHunnanDistrictismostlyhillyandmountainous; therearesomehillsandmountainsinthenorthernpartofShenbeiNewDistrict, anditisgraduallyflattothesouth; SujiatunDistrict, exceptforsomehillymountainsinthesouth, isthesameasYuhongDistrictinmostareas.Itisanalluvialplain.MostareasofXinminCityandLiaozhongDistrictarealluvialplainsoftheLiaoRiverandHunRiver, withafewswampsandsanddunes, thecity'slowmountainsandhillsis1,020squarekilometers andsomehillsscatteredinthenorthofXinminCity.Theareaof, accountingfor12% ofthecity'stotalarea.Thepiedmontalluvial-proluvialslopingplainisdistributedonthewesternslopeoftheeasternmountainousarea, expandingtothesouthwest.
Shenyangmountainoushillsareconcentratedinthenortheastandsoutheast, whichisanextensionofthehillsofeasternLiaoning.TothewestisthealluvialplainsoftheLiaoheandHunherivers, andtheterraingentlyslopesfromeasttowest.Thecity'shighestaltitudeis447.2meters, inFakuCounty, thelowestaltitudeis5.3meters, inYujiafangTown, LiaozhongDistrict.TheeasternpartofShenyangislowmountainsandhills, andthecentralandwesternpartsarevastplains.Itslopesfromnortheasttosouthwest, withanaverageelevationof30-50meters.
Climat
Shenyanghasatemperatesemi-humidcontinentalclimatewithanaverageannualtemperatureof6.2 ~ 9,7 ℃ .Since1951, thehighesttemperatureattheanodeendofShenyanghasbeen38.4 ℃ (2018August2nd), theextrememinimumtemperatureinthecentralurbanareawas-32.9 ℃ (January15,2001), andthelowesttemperatureinthesuburbsinrecentyearswas-35.4 ℃ (ShenbeiNewDistrictonJanuary11,2001); ShenyangalsoobservedbeforeToahightemperatureof39.3 ° C (1920) andalowtemperatureof-33.1 °C (1950).
Shenyanghasanannualprecipitationof600-800mm, andtheannualaverageprecipitationintheurbanareafrom1951to2010is716.2mm.Theannualfrost-freeperiodis155-180days.Affectedbythemonsoon, precipitationisconcentratedinsummer, withlargetemperaturedifferencesandfourdistinctseasons.Thewinterhasalongerperiodofcold, withlesssnowfallinthepastsixmonths.Themaximumsnowfallwasa47.0mmblizzardonMarch4,2007; thesummerperiodwasshorterandrainy.Therewasa215.5mmtorrentialrainonAugust21,1973..Thetemperaturechangesrapidlyinspringandautumn, andthedurationisshort: windyinspringandsunnyinautumn.
Hydrologie
Il y a 27 grandes et petites rivières, telles que la rivière Liaohe, la rivière Hunhe, la rivière Raoyang, la rivière Liuhe, la rivière Puhe, la rivière Yangximu, la rivière Beisha et la rivière Xiushui, dans la ville de Shenyang.
Ressources naturelles
Ressources en eau
TwothirdsoftherainfallinShenyangareconcentratedinJulyandAugust, andmostofthemfallintheformofheavyrain.Theannualrainfallis622.5millimeters, equivalentto8.08billionwaterresistance, theaveragetotalwaterresourcesformanyyearsis2.253billioncubicmeters.Theaveragetotalwaterresourcesintheterritoryformanyyearsare3.343billioncubicmeters, including1.3billioncubicmetersofsurfacewaterresourcesand2.368billioncubicmetersofgroundwaterresources.Theamountofrepetitivecalculationis325millioncubicmeters, andthecity'smulti-yearaverageavailablewaterresourcesare2.314billioncubicmeters, ofwhich380millionmillilitersofsurfacewatercanbeused, and1.934billioncubicmetersofgroundwatercanbeexploited.
Ressources minérales
Il y a du charbon, du pétrole, du gaz naturel, du minerai de fer et d'autres ressources minérales souterraines à Shenyang.
Ressources biologiques
ShenyangislocatedattheintersectionoftheChangbaiflora, theMongoliafloraandtheNorthChinaflora.Thereareabundantplantspecies, including98families, 371generaand779ofseedplants.Species, thelargestfamilyisCompositae.Thereare85speciesofplants, andmorethan20familiesincludeCyperaceae, rosacées, Légumineuses, Polygonaceae, Lamiacées, LiliaceaeandRanunculaceae.Thereare384speciesofplantsinthesefamilies, accountingforthetotalnumberofseedplantsinShenyang.Of49.3% .Thisflorahas23typesofgeographicalcomponents, ofwhichtemperatenatureisdominant.Itaccountsfor89.3% ofthegeographicalcompositionofShenyangurbanarea.Accordingtotheoccurrenceandfunctionofvegetationandtheroleofconstructivespecies, urbanvegetationinShenyangurbanareaisdividedintothreemajorvegetationtypes ,14groupesdevégétationet57typesdevégétation.
Population
D'aprèslesrésultatsduseptièmerecensementnational,au1ernovembre2020,lapopulationpermanentedeShenyangestde9070093,soitlamêmesixièmerecensementnationalen2010.Comparéeà8 106 171personnes,soituntotalde963,922personnesaugmenten10ans,soituneaugmentationde11,89 %.
Parmi la population permanente de la ville, la population masculine est de 4 521 021, représentant 49,85 % ; la population féminine est de 4 549 072, représentant 50,15 %.
Parmi la population permanente de la ville, la population âgée de 0 à 14 ans est de 1 033 638, représentant 11,40 % ; la population âgée de 15 à 59 ans est de 5 928 324, représentant 65,36 % ; la population âgée de 60 ans et plus est de 2 108 131, représentant 23,24 % 0,63 points de pourcentage, la proportion de personnes âgées de 15 à 59 ans a diminué de 9,57 points de pourcentage et la proportion de personnes de 60 ans a dépassé de 7,94 points de pourcentage.
La ville compte un total de 3 748 824 ménages familiaux, 199849 ménages collectifs, 8 172 935 personnes et des ménages collectifs avec 897 158 personnes.
Nation
Duringthelonghistoryofdevelopment, Shenyanghasgraduallyformedamulti-ethnicsettlementwiththeHanasthemainbody.TheHannationalityisaresidentofShenyangsincethefoundingofShenyang (Houcheng) .ThemajorityofethnicminoritiesareManchu, coréen, Hui, XibeandMongolian.ShenyangisthebirthplaceoftheManchudynasty.Since1625, AixinjueluoNurhachimovedtheHoujincapitalfromLiaoyangtoShenyang.AlargenumberofManchupopulationshavelivedinShenyang.TheKoreansareimmigrantswhowereforcedtomovefromtheKoreanPeninsuladuringWorldWarII.TheymovedtoShenyangthroughJilinandothercitiesandcountiesinLiaoning, mainlyintheWestTowerareaof Shenyang.AsearlyastheMongolandYuanDynasty, theHuipeoplehadtheirancestorsinShenyang.InthelateMingandearlyQingdynasties, theymovedfromGuanneitoformsmallagglomerationareas.Later, mostofthemmovedtoShenyangfromInnerMongolia, Fuxin, Chaoyang et d'autres villes.
Selonlecinquièmerecensementnationalen2000,Shenyanga41minoritésethniques.À savoir :Manchu,Coréen,Mongol,Hui,Xibe,Tujia,Zhuang,Yi,Miao,Uygur,Tibétain,Daur,Buyi,Dong,Bai,Li,She,Yao,Tu,Gaoshan,Qiang Hani, Gelao, Russe, Hezhe, Dai, Kazakh, Mulao, Oroqen, Shui, Naxi, Lhoba, Maonan, Jingpo, Salar, Kirgiz, Jing, Lahu, Tadjik, Dongxiang.
En 2015, la population minoritaire de Shenyang était de 7 05044, représentant 9,79 % de la population totale de la ville. ;54 628sontXibe,représentant 7,75 % ;Les36autresminoritésethniquessont5 099,représentant0,72 %dunombretotaldesminorités ethniques.
ThedistributionoftheethnicminoritiesinShenyangshowsthecharacteristicsoflargedispersionandsmallconcentration.Asof2015, theManchusmainlyliveinHunnanDistrictandYuhongDistrict, withatotalof113,119people, accountingfor29.51% ofthetotalnumberofManchusinthecity.KoreansmainlyliveinHepingDistrict, YuhongDistrict, HunnanDistrictandSujiatunDistrict, withatotalof65,259people, accountingfor68.98% ofthecity'sKoreanpopulation.MongoliansmainlyliveinXinminCity, FakuCountyandKangpingCounty, withatotalof58,652people, accountingfor62.05% oftheMongolianpopulationinthecity.TheHuipeoplemainlyliveinShenheDistrict, Le district de Huanggu et le district de Tiexi, avec un total de 34 266 habitants, représentent 47,06 % de la population Hui de la ville.
Économie
Aperçu
ShenyangisthelargestcentralcityinNortheastChinaandthecorecityoftheShenyangEconomicZone (ShenyangMetropolitanArea) underconstruction.LocatedinthecenteroftheNortheastAsianEconomicCircleandtheBohaiRimEconomicCircle, ithasacompleterangeofindustriesandhasanimportantstrategicposition.Shenyangisoneofthecountry'sheavyindustrialbasesmainlybuiltintheearlydaysofthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina, withequipmentmanufacturingasthemainstay.Afterdecadesofdevelopment, Shenyanghas142industrialcategories.By2013, thereweremorethan4,000industrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsize, witharegionalGDPofmorethan700billionyuan.
InApril2016, ShenyangTechnologyIndustryDevelopmentZoneandDalianTechnologyIndustryZonewereupgradedtoShenyang-DalianNationalIndependentInnovationDemonstrationZone, becomingoneofthe14nationalindependentinnovationdemonstrationzonesinChina.ShendaDemonstrationZoneispositionedas "fourdistrictsandonecenter", à savoir, thehigh-endequipmentR & DandmanufacturingclusteroftheoldNortheastindustrialbase, thetransformationandupgradingareaof theoldNortheastindustrialbase, theinnovationandentrepreneurshipecologicalzoneoftheoldNortheastindustrialbase, andtheopeningandinnovationpilotareaof thenortheastoldindustrialbase, ScienceandTechnologyInnovationandEntrepreneurshipCenterinNortheastAsia.
En 2020, la valeur de production régionale de la ville était de 657,16 milliards de yuans, soit une augmentation de 0,8 % par rapport à l'année précédente à des prix comparables.
Industrie primaire
In2020, thetotaloutputvalueofagriculture, la sylviculture, animalhusbandryandfisheryinShenyangwillbe60.98billionyuan, anincreaseof2.8% overthepreviousyear.Amongthem: theoutputvalueofplantingindustrywas28.70billionyuan, anincreaseof2.5%; theoutputvalueofanimalhusbandrywas25.94billionyuan, anincreaseof3.1%; theoutputvalueofforestrywas960millionyuan, anincreaseof4.1%; theoutputvalueoffisherywas2.67billionyuan, anincreaseof2.6 %;lavaleurdeproductiondel'agriculture,de la foresterie, de l'élevage et des services de pêche de 2,70 milliards de yuans, soit une augmentation de 2,1 %.
Industrie secondaire
En 2020, la valeur ajoutée des industries au-dessus de la taille désignée augmentera de 2,8 % par rapport à l'année précédente.
Du point de vue de l'échelle, la valeur ajoutée des grandes et moyennes entreprises a augmenté de 3,0 %, et la valeur ajoutée des petites et des microentreprises a augmenté de 2,1 %.
Intermsofcategories, thevalueaddedoftheminingindustrydecreasedby12.1% overthepreviousyear, thevalueaddedofthemanufacturingindustryincreasedby2.9%, andthevalueaddedoftheelectricity, chaleur, gasandwaterproductionandsupplyindustriesincreasedby4.1% .Inthemanufacturingindustry, theaddedvalueoftheequipmentmanufacturingindustryincreasedby2.6%, accountingfor64.3% oftheaddedvalueoftheindustrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsize.Amongthem, theautomobilemanufacturingindustryincreasedby5.1%, thespecialequipmentmanufacturingindustryincreasedby16.5%, theelectricalmachineryandequipmentmanufacturingindustryincreasedby2.7 %, et l'industrie de la fabrication d'instruments et de compteurs a augmenté de 9,2 %.
In2020, industrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsizewillachieveoperatingincomeofRMB539.83billion, anincreaseof2.1% overthepreviousyear; thecostperhundredRMBofoperatingincomeisRMB77.02, adecreaseofRMB1.56comparedwiththepreviousyear; Theprofitmarginwas7.06%, anincreaseof1.19percentagepoints.Attheendoftheyear, theasset-liabilityratioofindustrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsizewas64.7%, adecreaseof2.0percentagepointsfromtheendofthepreviousyear.
En 2020, les entreprises industrielles au-dessus de la taille désignée réaliseront un bénéfice de 38,13 milliards de yuans, soit une augmentation de 22,9 % par rapport à l'année précédente. Dans l'ensemble des catégories, l'industrie minière a subi une perte de 570 millions de yuans, une augmentation par rapport à l'année précédente ; l'industrie manufacturière était de 37, 50 milliards de yuans, une augmentation de 26,7 % ;
En 2020, les entreprises de construction au-dessus du niveau de qualification atteindront une valeur de production totale de 156,78 milliards de yuans, soit une augmentation de 8,3 % par rapport à l'année précédente.
Industrie tertiaire
Investissement en immobilisations
In2020, fixedassetinvestmentwillincreaseby4.1% overthepreviousyear.Fromtheperspectiveofthethreemajorsectors, manufacturinginvestmentincreasedby10.0%; realestatedevelopmentinvestmentincreasedby5.2%; .Fromtheperspectiveofinvestmententities de infrastructureinvestmentincreasedby1.0% de, investmentinthestate-ownedeconomyincreasedby9.9%; investmentinforeignandHongKong, MacaoandTaiwaneconomiesincreasedby5.6%; privateinvestmentincreasedby1.3% .Intermsofindustrialdistribution, investmentintheprimaryindustryincreasedby29. 9 % ; l'investissement dans l'industrie secondaire a augmenté de 2,4 %, dont l'investissement industriel a augmenté de 1,7 % ; et l'investissement dans l'industrie tertiaire a augmenté de 4,0 %.
MajorprojectssuchasSiasunRobotFutureCity, SailunTire, EvergrandeMotor, EvergrandeShenbeiHigh-techAgriculture, NorthwestLiaoningWaterSupplyProject, ChinaUnicom5GProject, ShenyangMetroLine3Phase1Project, etc.Commencedconstruction, ShenyangBrillianceBMWproductupgrade (DadongplantandTiexiplant), BrillianceRenaultJinbeiproductupgrade, ShenyangEvergrandenewenergyautoparts, ShenyangEvergrandenewenergypowerbatterybase, NorthernMedicineValleyBiopharmaceuticalInternationalCDMObase, MajorprojectssuchasSAIC-GMBuickChevroletandEvergrandeCulturalTourismCityareprogressingsmoothly.
Sur l'ensemble de l'année,lasurfacedeconstructiondemaisonsétaitde71,118millionsdemètres carrés,uneaugmentationde7,3%,dontlesbâtimentsrésidentielsontété52,119millionsdemètres carrés,uneaugmentationde9,5%;lasuperficied'habitations nouvellement commencéeétaitde16,302millionsdemètres carrés,uneaugmentationde24,5%,dont 6m. .495millionsdemètres carrés,augmentationde2,5%,dontlesbâtimentsrésidentielsontété5,144millionsdemètres carrés,diminution de3,6%.
Commerce intérieur
En2020,letotaldesventesaudétaildebiensdeconsommations'élèvera à363,76milliardsdeyuans,en baisse de 5,4%par rapport à l'année précédente. %.
Theretailsalesofwholesaleandretailtradeenterprisesabovedesignatedsizewas148.64billionyuan, down6.6% fromthepreviousyear.Amongthem, theretailsalesofgrain, oilandfoodwere13.70billionyuan, anincreaseof4.7%; theretailsalesofclothing, shoesandhats, andknittingtextileswere15.32billionyuan, adecreaseof5.7%; theretailsalesofhouseholdappliancesandaudio-visualequipmentwas13.72billionyuan, adecreaseof20.9%; TheretailsalesofChineseandWesternmedicineswere8.09billionyuan ,uneaugmentationde1,7 %;lesventesaudétaild'articlesde nécessité quotidienneontétéde 6,55milliardsdeyuans,uneaugmentationde35,4%;lesventesaudétaildematérieldecommunications'élèventà8,70milliardsdeyuans,unediminutionde11,0%;lesventesau détaildefournituresculturellesetdebureauxontétéde7,16milliardsdeyuans,soitunediminutionde 9,8milliardsdeyuans,unebaissede1,8 milliards deyuans ;
Les ventes au détail annuelles en ligne de biens physiques d'unités ci-dessus étaient de 42,08 milliards de yuans, soit une augmentation de 11,8 % par rapport à l'année précédente, représentant 11,6 % du total des ventes au détail de biens de consommation, soit une augmentation de 1,8 point de pourcentage par rapport à l'année précédente.
Économie Étrangère
Le volume total d'importation et d'exportation en 2020 est de 102,81 milliards de yuans, en baisse de 4,2 % par rapport à l'année précédente. Parmi eux, la valeur totale des importations était de 75,37 milliards de yuans, en baisse de 0,4 % ;
En termes de méthodes de commerce international, parmi les importations totales, les importations commerciales générales étaient de 66,95 milliards de yuans, en baisse de 2,0 % ; les importations commerciales de traitement étaient de 7,89 milliards de yuans, en hausse de 23,3 %.
En ce qui concerne la nature de l'entreprise, parmi le total des importations, les entreprises d'État ont importé 3,67 milliards de yuans ; les entreprises à capitaux étrangers ont importé 67, 69 milliards de yuans ; les entreprises privées ont importé 3,84 milliards de yuans.
En termes de matières premières, parmi les importations totales, les importations de produits mécaniques et électriques sont de 64,62 milliards de yuans ; les importations de produits de haute technologie sont de 10, 10 milliards de yuans ; et les importations de produits agricoles sont de 1,47 milliard de yuans.
En termes de pays et de régions, il existe 209 pays et régions de commerce extérieur.
Inthewholeyear, 192foreign-investedenterpriseswerenewlyestablished, withacontractualforeigninvestmentofUS 3.41billion $, andactualuseofforeigncapital (calculatedundertheregisteredcapitaloftheMinistryofCommerce) ofus $ 710million, anincreaseof2% overthepreviousyear.Theactualdomesticcapitalinplaceforthewholeyearwas111.66billionyuan, anincreaseof12.7% overthepreviousyear.Inthewholeyear, 10non-financialoverseasinvestmentprojectswerenewlyapproved, withanagreedinvestmentamountofUS 66.25million $; 220newcontractsweresignedforforeigncontractedprojectsandlaborservicecooperation, withacontractvalueofUS 2.45billion $, 840 $ andacompletedturnoverofUS millions ; 2447étrangers ont été expédiés.
Tourisme
In2020, therewillbe116nationalA-levelscenicspots, 321travelagenciesand50star-ratedhotelsinthecity.Thetotalannualtourismrevenuewas50.26billionyuan, adecreaseof42.6% fromthepreviousyear.Amongthem, domestictourismrevenuewas50.07billionyuan, adecreaseof41.0%, andinboundtourismrevenuewasUS 28million $, adecreaseof93%, 54.105milliondomesticandforeigntouristswerereceived, adecreaseof43.1%, ofwhich54.071millionweredomestictourists, baisse de 42,6 %. Le nombre de touristes récepteurs était de 34 000, baisse de 96,0 %.
La finance
Fin2020,ilyavait56institutionsfinancièresbancairesdanslaville,etlesoldesdépôtsendevisesnationalesetétrangèresdesinstitutionsfinancièresétaitde1 944,25milliardsdeyuans,soituneaugmentationde3,0par rapport au début de l'année.% ;
À la fin de l'année, il y avait 2 sociétés de valeurs mobilières, 36 succursales de valeurs mobilières et 99 services commerciaux de valeurs mobilières dans la ville.
Thereare447insuranceinstitutionsandoutletsinthecity.Theoriginalinsurancepremiumincomeforthewholeyearwas39.96billionyuan, anincreaseof5.6% overthepreviousyear.Amongthem, propertyinsuranceoriginalinsurancepremiumincomewas11.3billionyuan, anincreaseof2.3%; lifeinsuranceoriginalinsurancepremiumincomewas20.82billionyuan, anincreaseof4.3%; personalaccidentinsuranceoriginalinsurancepremiumincomewas900millionyuan, anincreaseof1.7%; healthinsuranceoriginalinsurancepremiumsRevenuewas6.94billionyuan, anincreaseof17.2% .Thetotalamountofvariousindemnitiesandpaymentspaidthroughouttheyearwas16. Parmi celles-ci,les dépenses d'indemnisation des assurances de biensétaient de 6,48milliards deyuans,soit une augmentationde6,6%;lesdépenses d'indemnisation de l'assurance-vie étaient de 3,66milliards deyuans,diminution de11,9%;
Transport
Autoroute
HuanchengRoad :ShenyangFirstRingRoad,ShenyangDeuxièmeRingRoad,ShenyangThird RingRoad(ShenyangRingExpressway),ShenyangFourthRingRoad,ShenyangFifthRingRoad(planifié,NewRingExpressway)etShenyangSixthRingRoad(ieCentralLiaon).
Expressway :ShendaExpressway,Beijing-ShenzhenExpressway,ShenhaExpressway,ShenjiExpressway,ShendanExpressway,ShenzhangExpressway,ShenkangExpressway,ShenyangRingExpresswayandLiaoningCentralRingHighway,etc.
BusStation :Long-distanceBusTerminal,Long-distanceBusStation,ShenyangBusTerminal,LiaoningExpressBusTerminal,NorthRailwayStation,NantaBusTerminal,WuaiPassengerandFreightIntermodalTerminalandHunhePassengerandFreightIntermodalCenter.
Bridges: AsofJune2019,thereare18bridgesacrosstheHunheRiverbetweentheEastandWestFourthRingsinShenyangCity.
The18bridgesacrosstheHunheRiverare:CentralAvenueBridge,WestThirdRingBridge,YunlongLakeBridge,NanyangLakeBridge,ShengliBridge,GongnongBridge,SanhaoBridge,JinyangTunnel,HunheBridge,WuaiTunnel,FuminBridge,ChangqingBridge,DongtaBridge,WangjiawanBridge,XinlibaoBridge,DonglingBridge,BoguanBridge,GaokanBridge.
Cross-HunheBridge
Railway
ShenyangisoneoftherailwayhubsinNortheastChina,includingBeijing-HarbinRailway,Shen-DaRailway,Shen-JiRailway,Shen-DanRailway,Shen-JiaRailway,ShenshanRailway,SufuBranchLine,Harbin-DalianHighSpeedRailway,etc.Manymainrailwaylinesmeethere.ShenyangStation,ShenyangNorthStation,andShenyangSouthStationarethemainrailwaystationsinShenyang.OthersincludeHuanggutunStation,SujiatunStation,ShenyangWestStation,ShenyangEastStation,andBeijing-ShenzhenHigh-speedRailwayXinbeiStation(planned).Amongthem,ShenyangNorthRailwayStation,ShenyangRailwayStation,SujiatunRailwayStationandShenyangWestRailwayStationarethreespecialrailwaystations.ShenyangRailwayStationistherailwaystationwiththelargestpassengertransportationscaleinNortheastChina.TheShenyangSouthRailwayStation,whichwasputintousein2015,istheintersectionoftheHarbin-Dalian,Beijing-Shenzhen,andShendanhigh-speedrailways.
ShenyangStation,ShenyangNorthStation,ShenyangSouthStation,ShenyangWestStation,ShenyangEastStation
Aviation
ShenyangTaoxianInternationalAirportisanationalpublicaviationOneoftheeightregionalhubairportsinthecountryasdeterminedbythetransportationsystem,itisthelargestcomplexgatewayhubairportintheNortheast.TaoxianAirportislocatedinthecenterofShenyangMetropolitanArea.Itisasharedairportforeightcities,20kilometersawayfromShenyangcitycenter.ShenyangTaoxianInternationalAirportiscurrentlya4E-classnationalfirst-classtrunkairportandwillbeexpandedintoa4F-classcivilairportinthefuture.
ShenyangTaoxianInternationalAirporthasmanydomesticflightstomajorcitiesacrossthecountry.ItisawindowforconnectingcountriesinNortheastChina,includingflightstoHongKong,Taipei,Macau,Taichung,Tokyo,Pyongyang,Seoul,Cheongju,Daegu,Busan,Osaka,Sapporo,Fukuoka,Jeju,Frankfurt,LosAngeles,Sydney,Singapore,Bangkok,Paris,KualaLumpur,Nagoya,Vancouver,Melbourne,Munich,Moscow,Novosibirsk,Irkutsk,KhabarovInternationalandregionalroutestoSk,Phuket,Mokpoandotherplaces.By2015,itwillfocusonthedevelopmentofinternationalroutesfromShenyangtotheAsia-Pacificregion,EuropeandtheUnitedStates,andplanstoopeninternationalroutesfromShenyangtoChicago,SanFrancisco,Oakland,Romeandotherplaces.
Publictransportation
Bus
Citiesattheendof2020Thereare321busoperatinglines,ofwhich20arenewlyopenedoradjusted,increasingtheoperatingmileageby90.6kilometers,andthelengthofbusoperatinglinesreaches5253.3kilometers;thereare6012busoperatingvehicles;thetotalnumberofpublictransportpassengersintheyearis670million.
Taxi
Attheendof2020,therewillbe21,197taxisinthecity
Shenyangtaxistartsat9yuan/3kilometers,andthemileageis1yuan/500meters.Theairconditioneristurnedonatnight(22:00pmto6:00thenextday)andsummer.ThestartingpriceisRMB10/3kilometers,andthemileagerateisRMB1/455meters.Ifthepassengerrequiresthattheairconditionerisnotturnedon,theairconditionershallnotbeturnedon.Air-conditioningfreightrate.
Metro
ThefirstsubwaylineofShenyangMetrowaslaunchedonSeptember27,2010Openedfortrialoperation,itistheseventhcityinthecountrytohaveasubway.
AccordingtotheinformationontheofficialwebsiteofMay2020,ShenyangMetrohas4operatinglines,namely:Line1,Line2,Line9,andLine10,allofwhichareundergroundlineswithmileagelength114kilometers,atotalof85stations.
In2020,ShenyangMetrowillrealizenormalizedanddelayedoperation.MetroLines1,2,9,and10haveanoperatingmileageof12.38milliontrainkilometersandapassengervolumeof31.068milliontrips.
AsofFebruary2021,thereare5linesunderconstructioninShenyangMetro:Line3,Line4,Line6,Line1EastExtensionLineandLine2SouthExtensionLine,Atotalof140kilometers.
Trams
Attheendof2020,theoperatingmileageofHunnantramswas2.324millionColumnkilometers,thepassengervolumewas6.211millionpassengers.
ConnecttheSujiatunDistrictConventionandExhibitionCenter,TaoxianAirport,High-speedRailwayXinnanStation,NationalGamesVillage,NationalGamesOperationCenter,OlympicSportsCenter,NewDistrictAdministrativeCenter,ShenfuNewCity,etc.,AndthroughcomprehensivetransportationhubstationssuchastheOlympicSportsCenterandthe21stCenturyBuilding,itseamlesslyconnectswiththesubwayandbuslines.
Socialundertakings
Educationalundertakings
Attheendof2020,therewillbe1295inclusivekindergartensinthecity,accountingfor83.7%,andtheproportionofinclusivekindergartendegreeswillreach85.%,theenrollmentrateofpreschoolchildreninthecityis97.9%.Thereare279primaryschoolswith423,000students,andthegrossenrollmentrateoftheprimaryschool-agepopulationis119.3%.Thereare305generalhighschoolswith296,000students;30generaltechnicalsecondaryschoolswith46,000students;48vocationalhighschoolswith28,000students.Thereare32technicalschoolswith20,000students.Theproportionofjuniorhighschoolgraduatesenteringordinaryhighschoolis63.2%,andthegrossenrollmentrateofhighschoolis124.5%.Thereare45generalhighereducationinstitutions(including2independentcolleges)inthecity,enrolling127,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,440thousandstudents,and101,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegegraduates.Ordinaryinstitutionsofhigherlearningandscientificresearchinstitutionsenroll26,000postgraduates,with69,000postgraduatestudentsand18,000postgraduategraduates.
NortheasternUniversity | 1923 | ClassBfortheconstructionofworld-classuniversities,universitiesdirectlyundertheMinistryofEducation,undergraduate-master-doctorate |
LiaoningUniversity | 1948 | World-classdisciplineconstructionuniversities,provincialkey,undergraduate-master-doctorate |
ChinaMedicalUniversity | 1931 | ProvincialandMinistryCo-construction,Ben-Master-Bo |
ShenyangAgricultureUniversity | 1952 | Thebasiccapacitybuildingprojectofuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregions,thejointconstructionofprovincialandministerialdepartments,theuniversity-master-doctorateprogram |
ShenyangArchitectureUniversity | 1948 | Thebasiccapacitybuildingprojectofuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregions,thejointconstructionoftheprovinceandtheministry,themaster-master-doctorateprogram |
ShenyangPharmaceuticalUniversity | 1931 | provincial,local-master-bo |
ShenyangUniversityofTechnology | 1949 | Co-constructedbyprovincesandministries,local-master-bo |
ShenyangLigongUniversity | 1948Years | Co-constructedbyprovincesandministries,undergraduate-master-doctorate |
ShenyangNormalUniversity | 1951 | Provincial,Ben-Master-Bo |
LiaoningUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | 1958 | Provincial,local-master-doctoral |
ShenyangUniversity | 1906 | Municipal,local-master-doctorate |
ShenyangAerospaceUniversity | 1952 | Co-constructedbytheprovinceandministry,Ben-Master-Bo |
ShenyangUniversityofChemicalTechnology | 1952 | Ministry-provincialco-construction,local-master |
ShenyangInstituteofTechnology | 2003 | Provincial,local-master |
ShenyangMedicalCollege | 1949 | City,this-Master |
ShenyangArtilleryAcademy | 1977 | DirectlyundertheGeneralStaffHeadquartersofthePeople'sLiberationArmy |
ArmedPoliceShenyangCommandCollege | 1984 | DirectlyundertheMinistryofPublicSecurity |
ChinaCriminalPoliceAcademy | 1948 | MinistryofPublicSecurity,Ben-Master |
LuXunAcademyofFineArts | 1938 | Provincial,local-master |
ShenyangConservatoryofMusic | 1938 | provincial,local-master |
ShenyangInstituteofPhysicalEducation | 1954 | ProvincialandMinistryco-construction,local-master |
LiaoningHeMedicalCollege | 1999Year | ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,Private |
ShenyangInstituteofTechnology | 1999 | ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,privatesector |
ShenyangUrbanConstructionCollege | 2000 | ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,PrivateOffice |
ShenyangCityCollege | 2001 | ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,PrivateOffice |
LiaoningInstituteofMediaandCommunication | 1991Year | ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,Private |
ShenyangInstituteofScienceandTechnology | 1999 | ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,privatesector |
XinglinCollegeofLiaoningUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine | 2001 | ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,IndependentCollege |
ScienceandTechnology
Strivingformajorprojectsabovetheprovinciallevelin2020And2029keyresearchanddevelopmentprojects,seekingfundsof1.02billionyuan.Amongthem,600national-levelprojectswithacapitalof720millionyuanaresought;1,429provincial-levelprojectswithacapitalof300millionyuan.12projectshavewonnationalscienceandtechnologyawards.Attheendoftheyear,thecityhad53independentprivatescientificresearchandtechnologydevelopmentinstitutionsatorabovethemunicipallevel;337keylaboratoriesatorabovethemunicipallevel,including8atthenationallevel;and262technologicalinnovationcenters(engineeringtechnologyresearchcenters)atorabovethemunicipallevel,includingnational7levels.Thereare24academiciansofthetwoacademies,including5academiciansoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesand19academiciansoftheChineseAcademyofEngineering.Thetechnicaltradeturnoverofvarioustechnicalandtradeinstitutionswas30.39billionyuan.Throughouttheyear,21,153patentsweregranted,including3,596inventionpatents.
Culturalundertakings
Bytheendof2020,therewillbe15culturalcenters,20publiclibraries,and20museumsinthecity;3213variousmassculturalactivitieswillbeheldthroughouttheyear,with1.32millionpeopleparticipating;248publicwelfarearttrainingsessionsand265publicwelfaretheatricalperformanceswereorganized.
Sportsbusiness
In2020,ShenyangwillhosttheShenyangMarathonCarnival,theChineseRowingMasters(ShenyangStation)"OneCityandTwoRaces",theNationalFitnessInternationalWalkingFestival,andCup"InternationalYouthFootballInvitationalTournament,ShenyangMartialArtsCulturalFestival,"ShengjingIceSportsFestival"andthe2ndChinaShenyangInternationalIceDragonBoatCompetition,ChinaYouthSkiGrandPrix(ShenyangNortheastAsiaStation)andShenyangInternationalYouthSkiInvitationalTournament,Shenyange-sportsopenCompetitionandthefirstShenyangEconomicZoneE-sportsCompetitionandmorethan20onlineandofflinelarge-scaleevents.Carriedoutmorethan500massfitnessactivities.Theimplementationofsportsandpeople'slivelihoodprojectshasinvestedmorethan9millionyuantoinstall292setsoffitnessequipmentandfacilitiesfor20sportsparks,130ruralculturalandsportssquares,and122communities(villages).Trained312nationalfirst-levelsocialsportsinstructors,506second-levelsocialsportsinstructors,and1303third-levelsocialsportsinstructors.
Steadilypromotethereformanddevelopmentofthe"ThreeBigBalls",andsetup33schoolsforthe"ThreeBigBalls"project.Intherollerskatingandspeedskatingall-aroundeventsoftheSecondNationalYouthGames,theShenyangSportsSchoolteamwon6golds,2silversand2bronzes,realizingahistoricalbreakthroughinthewintereventofShenyang.
ShenyangCitywasawardedasanationalsportsconsumptionpilotcity,HunnanDistrictandthe"PeaceCup"InternationalYouthFootballInvitationalwerebothawardedasanationalsportsindustrydemonstrationbaseanddemonstrationproject,fillingtheblankofShenyang'ssportsindustry"nationalteam".Implementthesportsbenefitconsumerpolicy,andissue3millionsportsbenefitelectronicconsumercoupons.Fullypromotethesalesofsportslottery,theannualsportslotterysalesvolumewas1.17billionyuan,andthepublicwelfarefundwasraised77.34millionyuan.
Medicalandhealth
Bytheendof2020,therewillbe5177healthinstitutionsinthecity.Amongthem,thereare283hospitals;144communityhealthservicecenters(stations);115healthcenters,403outpatientdepartments,1906clinics,healthcenters,andinfirmaries;14centersfordiseasepreventionandcontrol;Stations)12;maternalandchildhealthcarehospitals(stations,stations)7;emergencycenters(stations)1and1bloodcollectionandsupplyinstitution.Attheendoftheyear,therewere72,877hospitalbedsand85,576healthtechnicians,including33,644licensed(assistant)physiciansand39,500registerednurses.Thetotalnumberofconsultationsandtreatmentsintheyearwas35.612million.
SocialSecurity
Attheendof2020,thecitywillparticipateinurbanbasicpensioninsurancefor4.418millionpeople,anincreaseof71,000overtheendofthepreviousyear;socialpensioninsuranceforurbanandruralresidentsis1.215million,anincreaseof24,000.Participatedinurbanemployeemedicalinsurancefor3.551million,anincreaseof92,000;urbanresidents'medicalinsurancewas3.864million,anincreaseof162,000;participationinunemploymentinsurancewas1.501million,anincreaseof41,000;workinjuryinsurancewas1.812million,anincreaseof3,000;Maternityinsurancewas3.299million,anincreaseof91,000.Thenumberofland-expropriatedfarmersparticipatinginsocialsecuritywas270000,adecreaseof49,000.
Thebasicpensionforcorporateretireesis2,906yuanpercapitapermonth,anincreaseof146yuanoverthepreviousyear.Thepercapitaexpenditurestandardforunemploymentinsurancebenefitsis1,629yuanpermonth,anincreaseof160yuan.Theminimumwagestandardforemployeesinurbanareasanddevelopmentzonesis1810yuan,andtheminimumwagestandardforemployeesinonedistrict(LiaozhongDistrict)andthreecounties(cities)is1540yuan.
Theminimumlivingallowanceforurbanresidentsis715yuanperpersonpermonth,andtheminimumlivingallowanceforruralresidentsis510yuanperpersonpermonth.
Theannualminimumlivingallowanceof380millionyuanwasdistributed.Amongthem,thecityprovided280millionyuanofminimumlivingallowance,26,000householdsand34,000peopleenjoyedtheminimumlivingguaranteeofurbanresidents;ruralareasprovided100millionyuanofminimumlivingallowance,and17,000householdsand28,000peopleenjoyedtheminimumlivingguaranteeofruralresidents.293householdsand451peopleenjoytheassistanceofmarginalhouseholdsintheurbansubsistenceallowances;482householdsand903peopleenjoytheassistanceofmarginalhouseholdsintheruralsubsistenceallowances.
Thecity'surbanandruralelderlycareserviceagencieswere1,419,anincreaseof418overthepreviousyear;therewere49,000urbanandruralelderlycareservicebeds,anincreaseof1,100overthepreviousyear.Throughouttheyear,3,129rescuerswereadopted,adecreaseof2,198fromthepreviousyear.
In2020,thesalesofwelfarelotteryticketswillbe1.41billionyuan,andthewelfarelotterypublicwelfarefundwillberaised430millionyuan.
UrbanConstruction
OnOctober31,2019,Shenyangwasselectedasthefirstbatchof5Gcommercialcities.
In2019,thedeepeningofthereformofthecommercialsystemhasachievedremarkableresults,andtheimplementationofrelevantpoliciesandmeasuressuchassupervisionduringandaftertheeventhasbeenwellreceivedbythesociety,andhasbeennotifiedbytheGeneralOfficeoftheStateCounciltogivesupport.
InJuly2020,itwasshortlistedforthepilotlistofthedevelopmentofthehousingrentalmarketsupportedbythecentralgovernment.
InJune2020,itwasselectedbytheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentasasamplecityforurbanphysicalexaminationin2020.
OnSeptember6,2020,9departmentsincludingShenyangRealEstateBureauandShenyangNaturalResourcesBureaujointlyissuedthe"NoticeonFurtherPromotingtheStableandHealthyDevelopmentofOurCity'sRealEstateMarket".The"Notice"proposesthatthedownpaymentratioforthesecondsetofcommercialhousingshouldbeincreasedto50%.Thedownpaymentmustbepaidinonelumpsum,andinstallmentpaymentsand"downpaymentloans"areprohibited.
Historyandculture
Dialect
ShenyangdialectisthelocaldialectofShenyang,belongingtotheNortheastMandarin—JichenPian—TongxiXiaopian.ShenyangdialectisalocalvariantofNortheastMandarin,whichistheseconddialectofMandarindialect.ItbelongstotheSino-Tibetanlanguagefamily(languagefamily)-Chinese(language)-NortheastMandarin(dialect)-JiShenpian(largefilm)-TongxiXiaopian(smallfilm).ThenortherndialectcenteredonBeijingMandarin(consistingofBeijingdialectandShenyangdialect)hasbecomethebasisofthecommonlanguageoftheHanpeopleinmoderntimes.Shenyangdialect,likethedialectsofotherplacesinNortheastChina,belongstotheNortheastMandarinoftheMandarindialect.
Religion
Asof2015,thereare5religionsinShenyang,Buddhism,Taoism,Islam,Catholicism,andChristianity,7municipal-levelpatrioticreligiousorganizations,andplacesofreligiousactivityregisteredaccordingtolawThereare289placesandtwotemporaryChristianvenuesforforeigners.Thereareabout400,000religiousbelieversand483religiousclericsinthecity.
BuddhismisareligionwithalonghistoryandgreatinfluenceinShenyang.ItwasintroducedtoLiaodongduringtheWeiandJinDynasties,anditwaswidelyspreadinShenyangduringtheTangDynasty.TherearemanyfamousBuddhisttemplesinShenyang,suchastheancientChang'anTemple,whichisknownas"Chang'anTemple,thenShenyangCity",Ci'enTemple,oneofthefourmajorBuddhistjunglesinNortheastChina,andShishengTemple,theroyaltempleoftheQingDynasty.InShenyangBuddhism,therehavebeenmanyrespectedmonksandnunssuchasBuzhenandShibo.Accordingtoasurveyin1950,therewere62Buddhisttemplesand304monks,nunsandlamasinShenyangatthattime.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,alargenumberofBuddhistvenuesinthecitywereoccupiedanddestroyed,andreligiousactivitiesceased.AftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheParty,somereligiousvenueswererebuiltandreligiousactivitiesresumed.
TaoismwasintroducedtoLiaoningintheTangDynasty,andShenyangisthecenterofTaoistactivitiesintheNortheast.AfteraTaoistinYunshanfoundedtheShenyangChenghuangTemplein1352,Taoismbegantodevelop,andsomemorefamousTaoistplacesappearedoneafteranother,suchastheDoumuPalaceintheMingDynastyandtheThreeChurches(TaiqingPalace)intheQingDynasty.TheTaiqingPalaceisoneofthetwokeynationalpalacesinourprovince(theotheristheImmeasurableTempleofQianshan).InthehistoryofShenyang,therehavebeenfamousTaoistssuchasYueChongdai,thefirstchairmanoftheTaoistAssociationofChina.Accordingtoasurveyin1950,therewere28Taoisttemplesand101QuanzhenTaoistpriestsinthecityatthattime.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,alargenumberofTaoistsitesinthecitywereoccupiedanddestroyed,andreligiousactivitiesceased.AftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,theTaiqingPalacewasthefirsttoberepairedandreligiousactivitiesresumed;thelargestKundaoAcademyinthecountry-PengyingThepalacewasbuiltin1997andopenedtotheoutsideworld.
IslamwasintroducedtoChinain651AD,andtheearliestwrittenrecordofitsintroductiontoShenyangistheinscriptiononthestonesteleoftheShenyangChenghuangTemplebuiltinShenyangfromtheYuanDynastytothe12thyearofZhengzheng(1352)intheShenyangPalaceMuseum.Thewords"Thetemplewasbuilt...EasterntoHuihuiFiveBrothersCourtyardWall"inthe"TitleoftheOfficialsoftheLuChenghuangTempleMeritandVirtue".InthefirstyearofEmperorKangxioftheQingDynasty(1662),TieKui,theancestoroftheTiefamily,investedintheconstructionofthefirstmosqueinShenyang,theSouthMosque.Later,astheHuipopulationincreased,somewerebuilt.Inhistory,ShenyangIslamoncehadZhangZiwen,ZhuYuepo,ZhaoMingzhouandothergreatimamsinchargeofeducationalactivitiesinShenyang.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,Islamicreligiousactivitieswerestoppedandmosquesweredestroyed.AftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheParty,somemosqueswererepairedandrebuilt,andreligiousactivitiesresumed.
CatholicismwasintroducedtoLiaoninginthe35thyearofEmperorKangxioftheQingDynasty(1696).In1838,thePopeofRomeorderedtheseparationofLiaodongandMongoliafromtheFrenchDioceseofBeijing,theestablishmentoftheManchurianDiocese,andtheestablishmentoftheBishop'sMansioninYingkou.In1878,theNanguanCatholicChurchinShenyangwasestablished,whichwastheearliestinShenyanghistory.OneoftheCatholicChurch.In1892,theBishop'sHouseoftheDioceseofManchuriamovedfromYingkoutoShenyang,andShenyanggraduallybecamethecenterofCatholicactivityintheNortheast.Atthebeginningofliberation,therewere10CatholicchurchesinShenyangwith57clergy.In1957,thechurchesweremergedinto7churches.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,thechurcheswereseverelydamagedandreligiousactivitiesceased.After1979,NanguanCatholicChurchandotherplacesbegantoberepaired.,Establishandopentotheoutsideworld.
ChristianitywasintroducedtoChinaaftertheOpiumWar,andthentotheShenyangareaofLiaoning.In1872,theBritishScottishPresbyterianChurchsentamissionary,PastorJohnJohn,toShenyangtopreach,andtheShenyangDongguanPresbyterianChurchwasestablishedtoformallyenterShenyangforChristianity.Afterthat,ChristianorganizationssuchastheBritishAnglicanChurch,theSeventh-dayAdventistChurchintheUnitedStates,theOrientalMissionaryChurchinSeoul,Korea,andtheSalvationArmyinLondon,havesuccessivelyestablishedchurchesinShenyang.AftertheSeptember18thIncident,JapaneseChristianityinvadedShenyangandcompetedwithBritishandAmericanChristiansforleadershipinShenyang.Aftertheliberationofthewholecountry,in1950,40ChristianpatriotsheadedbyShanghaiChristianWuYaozongjointlyissuedadeclaration"TheWaysChineseChristianityWorkedintheConstructionofNewChina",callingonChineseChristianstocuttieswiththeimperialistcountries,ShenyangChristThebelieversenthusiasticallysupportedthisdeclaration,andsincethenembarkedonthepathofindependentandself-runchurches.StatisticsatthetimeoftheliberationofShenyangshowedthattherewere23Christianchurches,48missionaries,andabout3,000believersinthecity.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,churcheswereclosed,andreligiousactivitiesresumedaftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheParty.
Dance
ShenyangDayanggeisalocalartthatinheritedthetraditionalcharacteristicsofYangkosincetheTangDynastyduringtheMingandQingDynasties.ItwasoriginallyaformofentertainmentfortheancientHanpeopleduringtheslackperiod.Inthebeginning,itwasameansofearningalivingbyasmallnumberofidlefolkartistsperformingonthestreet,andgraduallybecameanentertainmentactivityduringfestivalsortemplefairs.Features:ShenyangGrandYangko,inadditiontoinheritingtheoriginaltraditionalartstyleofManchuYangko,hasbeenintegratedwiththestiltartofsouthernLiaoningandwesternLiaoning,formingauniquerough,bold,hot,warm,cheerful,strongandfreeArtisticcharacteristics.
Snacks
ShenyangsnacksincludeLaobiandumplings,LiLianguibaconflatbread,Yangjiahangingovencakes,chickencakes,HuishunyuanHuitou,MajiaShaomai,WestTowerColdNoodles,LaoshanjiHaichengPie,NajiaguanWhiteMeatandBloodSausage,SongjiaWonton,KoreanRoastBeef,RiceCake,ZhangJiuliRoastChicken,BigStageFriedCake,Twist,XiaomaoqiuPopcorn,ShenyangSmallPotato,Chicken-flavorednoodles,sizzlingchickenrack,openpie,high-risefragrantchicken,Zhaidonkeymeat,Pan'selbow,rockopenfirespoon,oldfourseasonsnoodles,fourseasonsnoodles,nectardumplings,Daqinghuadumplings,BaofayuanFourDishes,YuanweizhaiRoastDuck,SanheshengSteamedBuns,XinxiangSteamedBuns,GuojiaTangyuan,SanshengyuanDumplings,HaijieTangBao,etc.
Shenyangisthelargestchickenrackconsumptioncenterinthecountry.Themethodsofchickenracksinclude:grilledchickenracks,chickenracks,smokedchickenracks,boiledchickenracks,mixedchickenracks,ironplatechickenracks,andfriedchicken.Racks,friedchickenracks,etc."Chewingchickenracksanddrinkingoldsnow"hasbecomeawayoflifeforpeopleinShenyang.
Scenicspots
Asof2018,Shenyanghas100nationalA-leveltouristattractions,222travelagencies,and96star-ratedhotels.Thetotalannualtourismrevenuewas58.37billionyuan,anincreaseof12.8%overthepreviousyear.Amongthem,domestictourismincomewas56.28billionyuan,anincreaseof13.2%,foreignexchangeincomewas344millionUSdollars,anincreaseof4.0%;64.011milliondomesticandforeigntouristswerereceived,anincreaseof11.9%,ofwhich63.33millionweredomestictourists,anincreaseof12.0%.Thenumberoftouristswas681,000,anincreaseof5.4%.Thereare96tourismprojectsunderconstructioninthecity,withaninvestmentof10.8billionyuanthatyear.
Shenyangtenscenicspots:FulingDiecui,YuyuanSongtao,HunheNightCrossing,TawanSunset,LiutangSpringRain,TaoyuanAutumnBreeze,SacredStelePhantom,DoushanSnow,FenglouTower,WanSpringfishing.
Otherattractions:QipanshanInternationalScenicTourismDevelopmentZone,StrangeSlopeScenicArea,ShenyangForestWildlifePark,ShenyangExpoPark,ShenyangNortheastAsiaSkiResort,RoyalPolarOceanWorld,FantawildParadise,PurpleSmokeLavenderManor,AegeanValley,MeteoriteMountainScenicArea,LiuLaogenStage,NanguanCatholicChurch,HunheWestCanyon,Yong'anBridge.In2015,Shenyangreceived92.192milliondomesticandforeigntourists,anincreaseof11.0%.Amongthem,domestictouristswere91.542million,anincreaseof11.0%;inboundtouristswere650,000,anincreaseof10.2%.
ShenyangImperialPalacewasbuiltin1625AD.ItwasbuiltbyQingTaizuNurhachiandQingTaizongHuangTaijibeforetheentryoftheManchuandQingdynasties.Presenthereascendedthethroneandproclaimedtheemperor.TheShenyangForbiddenCityisanationalkeyculturalrelicsprotectionunit.ItisoneofthetwomostcompletepalacecomplexesinChina.IthasnowbeenturnedintotheShenyangPalaceMuseum.July1,2004.The28thWorldHeritageCommitteemeetingheldinSuzhou,ChinaapprovedChina'sShenyangImperialPalaceasanextensionoftheculturalheritageoftheMingandQingimperialpalacestobeincludedintheWorldHeritageList. | |
ZhaolingMausoleumisthetombofEmperorTaijiandEmpressXiaoduanwenofthesecondgenerationofManchuandQingDynasty.Itcoversanareaof3.32hectares.TheBeilingMausoleumwasbuiltin1643andcontainsLongenTemple,Baocheng,Baoding,CrescentCity,DamingTower,DabeiTower,Fangcheng,Longenmen,Dahongmen,StoneArchwayandotherbuildings. | |
FulingisthetombbaseoftheQingdynastypatriarchNurhachiandhisqueenYehenala,coveringanareaofmorethan500hectares.TheDonglingTombwasbuiltin1629andwasbasicallycompletedin1651.Later,itwasbuiltmanytimesbyShunzhi,Kangxi,andQianlongtoformacompletetombbasebuildingcomplex.InsidethemausoleumisthemajesticZhenghongGate,vividstonelions,stonetigers,stonehorses,etc.,therearefamous108steps,Fangcheng,LongenHall,EastWestHall,DamingBuilding,Baodingandotherbuildings. | |
TheformersiteoftheManchuriaProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaisaculturalrelicsprotectionunitinLiaoningProvince.ThefourbuildingsontheeastsideofthebluebrickhouseweretheseatoftheManchuriaProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinafromOctober1927toDecember1931.TheSecretaryoftheProvincialPartyCommitteeChenWeirenledworkers,farmers,andstudentsheretoopposetheoppressionoffeudalwarlordsandtheaggressionofJapaneseimperialists,andrestoreanddevelopthepartyorganization.In1985,thePeople'sGovernmentofShenyangCityallocatedfundsforrepairs,displayedthemastheywere,andofficiallyopenedtotheoutsideworld. | |
TheformersiteofZhouEnlai'sjuvenilestudywasoriginallytheFengtianProvincialGovernmentDongguanModelSecondClassPrimarySchool.Afterliberation,itbecamethesixthmiddleschoolofShenyangCity.ItwaschangedtoShenyangin1982.Thecity'skindergartennormalschoolwaslaterrenamedasDongguanModelPrimarySchool.In2005,itwasintegratedwithNortheastYucaiEducationGroupandchangedtoNortheastYucaiDongguanModelPrimarySchool.LocatedatNo.12,YucaiLane,DadongRoad,DadongDistrict.Theoldsitewasbuiltin1910andcompletedthefollowingyear.Fromtheautumnof1910toJuly1913,ComradeZhouEnlaispenthisyouthinthehighschoolreadinglifehere. | |
TheMansionofZhang'sCommanderislocatedonthesouthsideoftheForbiddenCityinShenheDistrict.Itcoversanareaofmorethan16,000squaremeters,surroundedbythree-meter-highthickbluebrickwalls.Theinteriorisdividedintoeastandwestcourtyards,andeachparthasitsownuniquearchitecturalstyle.TheEastCourtyardwasbuiltin1912asathree-entrycourtyardwithChineseethniccharacteristicsbuiltbyZhangZuolin.Thereare74housesintheshapeofagrid.Onthenorthsideofthegarden,athree-storyRoman-stylebluebrickbuildingwasbuiltinthe1920s.ThearchitectureofthemiddlecourtnotonlyfollowsthetraditionalChinesefolkcustoms,butalsoreflectsthecustomsoftheNortheast,especiallythesouthernLiaoning. | |
LiaobinTowerislocatedinLiaobinVillage,GongzhutunTown,29kilometersnortheastofXinminCity.Itisanoctagonal13-storybluebricktowerwithdenseeaves.Theoriginalheightis41.7meters,andthebottomdiameteris12.5meters.ItwasbuiltaccordingtotheBuddhistbeliefofinnocenceinoddnumbers.Thebaseofthetowerisabout10metershigh.ThereisaBuddhanicheoneachsideofthetower,andabrickBuddhastatuesitsonalotusseat. | |
LiaoningProvincialMuseumisacomprehensivemuseumlocatedinHunnanDistrict.ThebuildingwasoriginallytheofficialresidenceofTangYulin,thereignwarlordoftheFengsystem.AftertheSeptember18thIncident,thePuppetManchukuosetupthe"FengtianBranchoftheNationalMuseum"here.OnNovember2,1948,Shenyangwasliberated.WiththeapprovaloftheNortheastPeople'sGovernment,theNortheastMuseumwasestablished,whichopenedonJuly7,1949,andwasrenamedtheLiaoningProvincialMuseumin1959.The"SpecialExhibitionofCulturalRelicsintheNewLiaoningMuseum"wonthe6th(2003-2004)National(China)MuseumTopTenExquisiteSelectionAward. | |
ShenyangFoundry,thepredecessorofShenyangFoundryMuseum,wasfoundedin1939.AftertheliberationofShenyang,thefactorywasrenamedmanytimes,until1956,thefactorywasnamedShenyangFoundry.Thefoundryoccupiesanareaof330,000squaremeters.OnApril17,2007,theShenyangFoundryfinishedthelastfurnaceofmoltenironandcompleteditshistoricalmission.TiexiDistrictdecidedtokeepthelarge-scaleworkshopofthefactoryandtransformitintoafoundrymuseumfocusingontheindustrialcontextoftheoldnortheastindustrialzone. TheShenyangIndustrialMuseumofChinaprojectlocatedatNo.14WeigongNorthStreet,TiexiDistrict,wasexpandedontheoriginalsiteoftheShenyangFoundryMuseum.Theplannedtotalareais70,600squaremeters;thetotalconstructionareais55,900squaremeters;theexhibitionareareaches36,200squaremeters(including26,200squaremetersoftheoldmuseumand10,000squaremetersofthenewmuseum). | |
TheXinleSiteisthesiteofamatriarchalclancommunesettlementintheearlyNeolithicperiodofprimitivesocietymorethan7,200yearsago.Theunearthedculturalrelicsincludestonetools,pottery,andcoal.Products,ancienthouses,etc.Amongthem,theunearthed"woodcarvingbird"istheoldestpreciousculturalrelicunearthedinShenyang,anditisalsotheoldestwoodcarvinghandicraftintheworld. | |
ShenyangSeptember18thHistoryMuseumislocatedinLiutiaoLakeBridge,DadongDistrict,ShenyangCity.Nearly1,000preciouspiecesbeforeandaftertheSeptember18thIncidentwerecollectedinthemuseum.Historicalphotographs,documentsandmorethan700historicalrelics,dividedinto7parts,showthehistoryofthepeopleofNortheastChinafrombecomingsubjugatedtothevictoryoftheWarofResistanceAgainstJapan. | |
ThecolorTVtowerislocatedattheintersectionofQingnianStreetandBinheRoad.Thetoweris305.5metershigh.Itisamultifunctionalradioandtelevisiontowerintegratingtourism,cateringandentertainment..ItwascompletedinSeptember1989.ThecolorTVtowerhas6floorsbetween187metersand215.3meters.Shenyang'shighest"SkyParadise"islocatedbetween193metersand205metersfromthetower,withaskydancehall,arevolvingdancehall,andanopen-airviewingplatform.In1992,thecountry'slargestwaxmuseum-thewaxmuseumoffamoushistoricalfiguresinancientChinawasbuilt. | |
MiddleStreetisacentury-oldcommercialstreet.In2005,itwasawardedthetitleofChina'sTopTenFamousCommercialStreets;in2008,itwasawardedthetitleof"InternationalGoldenStreet". | |
TaiyuanStreetisacommercialstreetwiththesamelonghistoryasShenyangMiddleStreet.In2007,itwasawardedthetitleofChina'sTopTenFamousCommercialStreets. | |
Wu'aiMarketislocatedinthelivelyroadofShenheDistrict,oneofthefivelargestbazaarsinthecountry,andoneofthemostfamouswholesalemarketsinChina. | |
ThelargestdistributioncenterforcomputerandITproductsinthenortheastofSanhaoStreet,andoneofthetoptencharacteristiccommercialstreetsinChina. |
Localspecialties
ShenyangspecialtiesincludeHuishanMilkandZhongjiedaFruit,De'sColdDrink,XiaoliangshanWatermelon,DrunkenGrape,TanglinRedRaspberry,HanfuApple,ZhujiaBigApricot,ClearWaterRice,XiangxueFlour,LiaozhongCrucian,BawangsiSoftDrink,SnowBeer,LaolongkouLiquor,Shenyangagedwine,oldladycandiedhaws,BuLaoLinTang,Kragussausage,heavyindustrypineappleham,Xiongzhoubeefthreepots,sauerkraut,Kangfumooncake,Dongdongfood,peachandplumbread,McKinleyapplecidervinegar,eyeBaoYangliversoup,LaoWangheadseasoning,Shenhemiso,redplummonosodiumglutamate,Shenyangredmedicine,silkflower,gourdcarving,Shenyangfeatherpainting,colorstonemosaicpainting,naturalcoloradvancedcarpet,ZhongheFutea,TianyitangChinesemedicineandmanymore.
Famouspeople
Era | Lister | |||
Ancient | LoveXinjueluo·Nurhachi | Aisinjueluo·Huangtaiji | Aisinjueluo·Dorgun | Aisinjueluo·Fulin |
Modern | GuoSongling | ZhengXinchao(DuringtheAnti-JapaneseWar) | ShaoQinglian(DuringtheAnti-JapaneseWar) | TangYunsheng |
Modern | 王永志 | 赵忠贤 | 罗阳 | 李默然 |
于魁智 | 幺红 | 关牧村 | 王充闾 | |
洪峰 | 马秋芬 | 初国卿 | 郭颂 | |
郎朗 | 吕萌 | 刘凡菲 | 那英 | |
彭久洋 | 李杰 | 关适佳 | 吴昕 | |
杜海涛 | 汪苏泷 | 井柏然 | 艾敬 | |
赵真 | 郑爽 | 朱梓骁 | 皮皮 | |
王千源 | 林更新 | 杜若溪 | 祁汉 | |
张倬闻 | 张迪 | 白微 | 邓德天 | |
范伟 | 阎娜 | 方青卓 | 王野 | |
张赫 | 陈思诚 | 张赫宣 | 戴潆萱 | |
秦岚 | 金巧巧 | 王翊丹 | 赵正阳 | |
胡海泉 | 关之琳 | 毛宁 | 于胜春 | |
火风 | 印小天 | 孙海英 | 秦昊 | |
董文华 | 赵明明 | 姜黎黎 | 巩汉林 | |
金珠 | 张丹露 | 李春波 | 于慧 | |
朱旭 | 巩俐 | 丁爽 | 姚宏合美 | |
王子 | 菅纫姿 | 郭树东 | 孔肖吟 | |
关志鸥 | 王宁(湖南湘乡人,辽宁沈阳出生) | - | - | |
参考资料来源 |
城市荣誉
国家环保模范城市 | 国家园林绿化城市 | 国家园林城市 |
中国历史文化名城 | 中国优秀旅游城市 | 中国最具幸福感城市 |
全国科教兴市先进城市 | 全国双拥模范城市 | 全国投资环境诚信安全区 |
国家森林城市 | 中国十大特色休闲城市 | 联合国全球宜居城区示范奖(铁西区) |
中国十大魅力城市 | 联合国生态示范城 | 国家新型工业化综合配套改革试验区 |
2012年中国特色魅力城市200强 | 首批全国创建社会信用体系建设示范城市 | 全国文明城市 |
2017年消费力最强十大城市第10位 | 2017年度中国十佳冰雪旅游城市 | 2017中国特色魅力城市200强 |
2017年度中国最具投资潜力城市50强 | “2018畅游中国100城”。 | 中国联通5G试点城市 |
潜在的国家重要金融、教育、医疗中心 | 2018年城市产业竞争力全国排名第40 | 世界二线城市 |
2018中国地级市全面小康指数51名 | 2018中国大陆最佳商业城市排名第29名 | 2018中国城市科技创新发展指数排名第21 |
2018年中国城市创新竞争力排名第26 | 国家卫生城市(区) | 2018年“中国外贸百强城市”排名第47 |
2019年中国百强城市排行榜第21 | 中国城市绿色竞争力排名第62 | 2019中国地级市全面小康指数前100名 |
“中国城市科技创新发展指数2019”第28 | 2020年中国冰雪旅游十强市 | 2019年全球城市500强榜第361名 |
“七五”普法中期先进城市 | 综合运输服务示范城市 | 2020年新一线城市排名第12 |
2019年中国外贸百强城市 | 国家体育消费试点城市 | 国家公交都市建设示范城市 |
上榜“2020中国旅游城市排行榜”排名第34名 | 2020年全国双拥模范城市 | 首批民用无人驾驶航空试验基地(试验区) |
2020中国宜居宜业城市 | 第一批国家文化和旅游消费试点城市 | - |
2021年国家产教融合试点城市 | ||
参考资料来源 |
对外交流
?? | 札幌市 | 1980年11月18日 |
?? | 川崎市 | 1981年08月18日 |
意大利 | 都灵 | 1985年02月12日 |
美国 | 芝加哥 | 1985年09月05日 |
德国 | 杜塞尔多夫 | 1985年09月22日 |
俄罗斯 | 伊尔库茨克 | 1992年08月12日 |
菲律宾 | 奎松市 | 1993年05月07日 |
墨西哥 | 蒙特瑞 | 1993年10月05日 |
以色列 | 拉马干 | 1993年11月21日 |
韩国 | 城南市 | 1998年08月31日 |
喀麦隆 | 雅温得 | 1998年12月07日 |
希腊 | 塞萨洛尼基 | 2000年05月22日 |
马来西亚 | 新山市 | 2006年05月1日 |
捷克 | 俄斯特拉发 | 2006年08月30日 |
捷克 | 兹林 | 2007年05月14日 |
波兰 | 卡托维兹 | 2007年06月06日 |
?? | 滨松市 | 2010年08月28日 |
法国 | 里尔 | 2010年09月07日 |
俄罗斯 | 乌法 | 2011年09月21日 |
俄罗斯 | 新西伯利亚 | 2013年05月29日 |
韩国 | 大田广域市 | 2013年07月29日 |
韩国 | 仁川广域市 | 2014年06月12日 |
阿根廷 | 拉普拉塔 | 2014年05月26日 |
北爱尔兰 | 贝尔法斯特市 | 2016年5月18日 |
英国 | 贝尔法斯特 | 2016年05月18日 |
乌拉圭 | 佛罗里达市 | 2018年 |
美利坚合众国驻沈阳总领事馆 | 辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省 |
俄罗斯联邦驻沈阳总领事馆 | 辽宁省、吉林省 |
日本国驻沈阳总领事馆 | 辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省 |
德意志联邦共和国驻沈阳总领事馆 | 辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省 |
法兰西共和国驻沈阳总领事馆 | 辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省 |
大韩民国驻沈阳总领事馆 | 辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省 |
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国驻沈阳总领事馆 | 辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省 |
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国(英国)驻沈阳签证中心 | 辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省 |
澳大利亚驻沈阳总领事馆 | 辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省 |