Shatin

Characterexperience

In1904,hewasborninAnCounty,Sichuan.Openedaprivateschoolwhenhewas7yearsold.Inhisyouth,heoftentraveledinandoutoftownsandvillagesinnorthwestSichuan,andwasfamiliarwiththecorruptionoflocalwarlordsandgentry.

In1922,heenteredtheSichuanProvincialFirstNormalSchool.Duringthestudyperiod,heacceptedtheideasoftheMayFourthMovementandtheNewCultureMovementandlikednewliteratureandartextensively.In1926,aftergraduation,hewenttoNanjingandBeijing,butreturnedtoSichuanafterfailingtostudy.

Inthesummerof1927,hejoinedtheChineseCommunistPartyandengagedinrevolutionaryactivitiesinhishometown.Soon,theFebruary16tragedyoccurredinChengdu.Afterhidingforawhile,hewenttoShanghaiinexilein1929andmetAiWu(TangDaogeng),aclassmateoftheProvincialFirstDivision,andembarkedontheroadofliteraturetogether.In1931,afterwritingthefirstnovel"RussianKerosene",heandAiWuwrotetoLuXunforadviceonthesubjectmatterofhisnovel.

In1932,hepublishedacollectionofshortstories"ARouteOutsidetheLaw",andimmediatelyjoinedthe"LeftFederation"andbecameoneofthe"Left-wingLiteraryNewcomers".Later,hepublishedworkssuchas"DingCripple","IntheAncestralHall",and"ActingCountyChief",showingtheSichuanruralsocietythathereallyknows.In1937,hereturnedtoSichuanaftertheoutbreakoftheAnti-JapaneseWar.Intheautumnof1938,hewenttoYan'anwithHeQifangandBianZhilintoserveastheactingdirectoroftheLiteratureDepartmentofLuXunAcademyofArts.

Inthespringof1939,heaccompaniedMasterHeLongtoHebei,andsoonwrotethereportage"HeLong".ThearticledescribedtheheroismandbraveryoftheEighthRouteArmyandinspiredthenation'sdeterminationtoresistJapan.Atthispoint,ShaTing'screationreachedapeakperiod,andsoonhecreatedhislongmasterpiecetrilogy"GoldRush","TroubledBeast"and"ReturningHome".

In1940,hereturnedtoChongqingandpublishedashortmasterpiece"InHisFragrantHouseTeaHouse",whichmadeabittersatireontheintriguebetweentherulersoftheKuomintangruledareasovermilitaryservice.Otherworksatthistimeinclude"MagneticForce","TheCareoftheDirectoroftheJointSecurityAgency","TheStoryofOldSmoke",and"SmallViewsofKamchatka".

In1941,aftertheSouthernAnhuiIncident,hetookrefugeinthemountainousareaof​​hishometown,andwrotethreenovels,including"GoldRush","StoryoftheBeast","ReturntotheHome"andotherworks.Infightingcausedbytheevilgentryfightingforgoldminesinordertomakemoneyinthecountry.Theshortstoriesofthisperiodinclude"MasterFan","Howl",and"Doctor",etc.,expressingthenewthemesofthepeople'sstrugglefordemocracyandanti-civilwar.

In1949,thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasestablished.ShaTingservedastheleaderofthenationalandSichuanliterarycircles.Atthesametime,hecontinuedtocreate.Andpraisethenewtypeoffarmers.AndfocusonthepreparationoftheWestSichuanFederationofLiteraryandArtCirclesandtheSouthwestFederationofLiteraryandArtCircles.In1952,hejoinedtheChineseWritersAssociationandwastransferredtotheDeputyDirectoroftheCreationCommitteeoftheBeijingChineseWritersAssociationinthesameyear.In1955,afterreturningtoSichuan,heservedasthechairmanoftheSichuanFederationofLiteraryandArtCirclesandconcurrentlytheeditor-in-chiefof"Grassland".

From1956to1966,thecreationwasembarrassed.Someworkswereinfluencedbytherural"Left"guidingideologyanddeviatedfromthetruenatureoflife.Eventheoriginalliterarylanguagesystemwasmessedupandmixed.Boringnewspaperlanguageandcadre'stone;heisnotunconsciousofhisownsituation,andhasconfidedinhisdiaryof"depression"and"worries"morethanonce.

In1962,duringtheadjustmentofliteraryandartisticpoliciesandliterarythoughts,healsofeltstronglythatheshouldwriteaboutthethemesthathadbeenbrewedformanyyearsandweresuretobesure.However,whentheeighthCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaAfterthemeetingemphasizedtheuseofclassstruggleasthekeylink,heputasidehismatureplansandwenttothecountrysideto"searchfor""newtrendsinclassstruggle"andwritethosefalseandsuperficialworks.

Duringthe"CulturalRevolution",ShaTingwasslanderedasa"blackcadreinthe1930s","bigbossoftheprovince'sliteraryandartisticblackline","memberofthe'Sanjiadian'",etc.,andsufferedmanycriticisms.,Ransackinghishomeandimprisoning,buthealsowroteliterarymemoirswhilewritingnovelettessuchas"Qingypo","MuyuMountain",and"RedRockBeach".

In1976,the"CulturalRevolution"endedandthe"GangofFour"wassmashedandre-written,andsuccessivelypublishednovella"Qingyapo","MuyuMountain"and"RedRockBeach".In1978,hewastransferredtoBeijingtobethedirectoroftheInstituteofLiteratureoftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences;heledwritersandresearcherstovariousplacesforinvestigationandresearch.Itwasnotuntil1980thatheresignedasthedirectoroftheInstituteofCulturalStudies.In1979,hewaselectedasthevicechairmanoftheChineseWritersAssociation.Inthe1980s,hewrote"Memoirs".Inhistwilightyears,hereturnedtoChengdu,Sichuan,anddiedonDecember14,1992.

Personallife

ShaTing’sfatherisYangYizhi,acowardlyscholar,andastrongbelieverinetiquette.InShaTing'sownsporadicmemory,hisfatheralwayswearsaQingDynastyrobeandlookslikeheissittingupright.In1909,ShaTing'sfatherdiedofillness.Fromthenon,themotherindependentlysupportedtheportal.Themother'sworldalsoconstitutesShaTing'schildhood.

ShaTing’smother’ssurnameisZhengandhernameisMiaozhen.TheZhengfamilywasoriginallyfromaprosperousethnicgroup.Hismother'suncleZhengXiangyuanwasawell-knownpersoninAnxianCounty.HeonceservedasanofficialinHuamachi,Gansu.

ShaTing’snanny,surnamedZhu,isfromYong'anTownship.ShehasbeenwithShaTingforthelongesttime,andshestillstaysathishomeafterweaning.ShaTinggrewupeatingAuntZhu'smilk.Whenshewasachild,sheoftenaskedhertoaccompanyhimtoplayonthestreet.

ShaTing’suncleisZhengMuzhou,whosescientificnameisShibin.Heistallandactive.Sincechildhood,helovestofightinjustice.HeoftentakesShaTingtositintheteahouseonthestreet,listentosocialdramas,andwatchthefun.

Mainworks

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  Creativefeatures

  Themeofthework

  ShaTing'sworks(4photos)

  ShaTingusestheruralnorthwesternpartofSichuanthatheisfamiliarwithasthebackground,includingthegreatperiodofgreatturbulencefromtheLandRevolutionmovementafterthe1920stothefoundingofNewChina,andisengravedwithadistinctivemarkofthetimes.PayingattentiontothetragicfateoffarmersinruralareasofSichuan,exposingandridiculingthedecayandrampantnessoftheruralgrassrootsregimesandbulliesatthattime,expressingsympathyfortheintellectualswhohavefallentothebottomofsociety,andtrulyconveyingthecommonpeople’sdesireforpeaceandoppositiontocivilwar.voice.

  Inthechoiceofsubjectmatter,ShaTingaskedLuXunforadvice.LuXunadvocatedtheversatilityanddiversityofthemes.UnderLuXun’sadvice,ShaTingalwayschosethemostfamiliarandmeaningfulmaterialsinhisnovelcreation.Afterprocessingandrefining,heinterceptedthemostmeaningfulaspectoflifeandshowedThelifepicturescrollwiththecharacteristicsofthetimesreflectstheartisticcharacteristicsofrealism.

  Theshortstories"Traitors","Retreat",etc.,basedonthe1931"September18th"Incidentandthe1932"January28th"ShanghaiWar,exposingthenon-resistancepolicyoftheNationalistGovernmentatthattimeReflectingtheperilofthenation;shortstorycollectionssuchas"SoilCake","Misery","Sower",etc.,eitherexposetheinsidestoryoftheoldregime'smilitaryservicesystem,orcriticizethecorruptionanddarknessofthegrassrootsregime,oraccusetheauthoritiesofbloodycrimesthatmobilizetheauthoritiestoslashhumanlives,orridiculeThedespicableactionsoflandlords,tyrantsandgangsters;"TeacherFan"and"Howl",etc.,conveyedthecommonvoiceofthegeneralpublicforpeaceandoppositiontocivilwarafterthevictoryoftheAnti-JapaneseWar;"Doctor","DisasterSelection","Accidents",""AfterDrinking",etc.,showedthepanicofthelocaltyrantsandevilgentry,andthefiercenessoflocalofficialsinthelateperiodoftheWarofLiberation,indicatingthattheKuomintang'sreactionaryrulewasalreadyinaprecariousstate.

  Thesubjectmatterofthenovels"GoldRush","StoryoftheSleepyBeast"and"ReturningHome"arealsocommonpeopleandthingsintheruralareasoftheKuomintangControlledArea."GoldRush"usesaverycommongoldrushstorytofullyexposethefightingspiritoftherulingclass,thecorruptionoftheBaojiasystem,andthereactionarynatureoftheoldregime;"TheTaleoftheBeast"failedthroughasmallactingactivity.Itexpressesthemajorthemeofmobilizingtheauthoritiestosuppresstheanti-Japaneseactivities,andatthesametimeshowsthestruggleofagroupofruralintellectualsinthemidstofdepressing"beastsstillfighting";"ReturningHome"usesordinary"bambooshootincidents"toexplorethemesandthemesfromclass.OpposinganglesexposedthechronicdiseasesoftheWarofResistanceagainstJapanandpointedoutthecurrentmaladies.

  Artisticcharacteristics

  Charactershaping

  Intheshapingofthecharacterimage,ShaTinghastypicalpersonalities,clearforms,andtendencies.Unityofauthenticity.

  ShaTing’snovelsportrayedfourmaincharacters,namelypoorpeasants,pettybourgeoisintellectualsincountiesandtowns,countyofficials,localtyrantsandevilgentryinruralareas,andgangsters.Withthedevelopmentofcurrentpoliticsatthattime,somepositiveandpositivefiguressuchasleadingcadres,soldiers,revolutionaryintellectuals,youngstudents,freelancers,andenlightenedgentlemenintheanti-Japanesebaseareaswerealsoportrayed.Inthesedifferentcharacterimages,wecanseetheirclasscharacteristics,thatis,thecommonalityoftheclasstheybelongto,andatthesametimewecanseethedistinctive"livingpeople",thatis,theindividualityofdifferentcharacters.Itisnotonlyinclined,butalsodoesnotusecharactersasanillustrationofclass.Combiningthein-depthsummaryofthesocialandhistoricalnaturewiththetruedepictionoflifemakesthecharacter'spersonalityshapedistinctandprofoundsummarysignificance.

  Inshapingtheimageofnegativecharacters,itisbynomeansathousandpeople,norisit"caricatured"them,buttruthfullywrittenasrealcharactersinreallife.LikeLongGe,FangZhiguo,andPengTan,thedirectoroftheUNSecurityCouncil,theirpersonalitiesandimagesarequitedifferent:onehasbeenabandit,hasaroughandcrueltemperament,andisatactical"softandhardman"fromthegroup,andtheotherisabandit.Thesontakesontheroleofhisfatherandisanexperienced"oldriversandlakes";botharerurallocaltyrantsandevilgentry,andhaveafamilythatistoopoortoopenthepot,buttheyarestillthebrainsandnervesofthereactionaryregime.XingYao,whoishot-temperedandvulgar,isnoisy.ThereisDingXiangyue,whoisfulloffun,butforcedthesmallgrainfarmerstohanghimself;HeXi,alsothecountyhead,hasanoptimisticpersonality.Thereare"modelcountymagistrates"withoutrageouspersonalitieswhowereimprisonedforembezzlingmilitaryrations.Thereisathreatofrectificationofmilitaryservice,butinfactthe"newmagistrate"isthechiefculprit.

  Inshapingthepositivecharacterimage,theauthordoesnot"uplift"oradd"mythology"outofreality,butinaspecifichistoricalenvironmentthroughvariousspecificformsofcontradictionsandconflicts.Outlinetheiridentities,statusandrolesinlifeandstruggle,payattentiontorevealingtheuniquedestiny,characterandtemperamentofthesecharacters,showtheirlifestyle,mannersandexpressions,andtruefeelings,makingthecharactersvivid.SuchasFengDasheng("ReturningHome"),TeacherFan("FanLao"),PengChunshan("Doctor"),HeLong("SuijunSanji"),YuMing("CrossingPass"),etc.EspeciallywhenFengDashengreturnedhomeforalongtimeandlearnedthathiswifewasoccupiedandhislandwastaken,thesceneofraisinghisaxedesperatelywasthrilling,sorealandreasonable.HeLong,describedandportrayed,isaproletarianheroimagefulloflife,humaninterest,withoutlosingnoblesentimentandbroad-mindedness.

  ArtTechniques

  Intheuseofartistictechniques,ShaTing’snovelsuseunobtrusiveandobjectivedepictionsandimplicitironyinrealrealisticpictures.Exposure,withadeepandheavyironicaestheticstyle.

  ShaTingwasdeeplyinfluencedbyworkssuchastheChineseclassicnovel"TheScholars",andalsoinfluencedbyLuXunandRussianwritersGogolandChekhov'snovels,andlearnedfromtheirartisticexperiencetoformTwoofhisownironicartisticcharacteristics:oneisobjectiveandcalmironicbrushwork,gooduseofline-drawingtechniques,graspingthecharacters’uglymovementsandlanguagewithpsychologicalcontent,diggingintothecharacters’uglyandviciousstylefromthedepths,andplacingtheminthesurroundingsocietyExamineitinthecontextoftheenvironmentandthestateoftheworld.ThesecondisbasedontheruralareasinnorthwestSichuanastheculturalbackground,withthecharactersinthehometownasthecreativeprototype,excavatingtheordinaryandcommonhistoricaleventsandtheessentialcharacteristicsofthecharactersintheruralsocietyofSichuantoshowthecharacteristicsoftheentiresocietyandpoliticalcurrentabusesatthattime.

  ShaTing’ssatireisreal,coldandpungent.Itisoftenhiddeninsomepeculiarandwonderfuldetails,andhiddenintheportraits,styles,talksandlanguageofthecharactersinthenovel.ShehidestheneedleinMianli,andithitstheneedlewhereitisnotshowingoff,andherarelycomesforwardanddirectlypraises.Forexample,thedirectorofUNPROFORhandlesofficialdutiesinvarious"discretions",butinthenameofapportioningpublicdebt,theworkisquitenaturaltodescribethesecuritydirectorFangZhiguoandXingYaoquarrelingwitheachotherunderthefullviewoftheteahouse.Thedespicablebehaviorandthedirtyheartareexposedthroughmutualexposing.Attheclimax,thenewsbroughtbythericedealermakesadisputeimmediatelybecomeasenselesscomedy;themenacingnewcountymagistratethreatenstorectifythemilitaryservice,butFinally,foraridiculousreason,XingYaowasallowedtoquarrelwithhisson.Ontheonehand,LongGewasboastingabouthis“contributions”and“contributions”toBeidouTowninthepublic,whileontheotherhandhewasnervouslyrobbinghisson;WidowHeWhiletalkingabouthisownabilitytomanagethefamily,hisson'sracehasfallenintothehandsofevilforces;FangZhiguo,acorruptofficial,hasactuallyreceivedaplaquefromthecountymagistratefor"doingnothing".

  Thesedescriptionsarefullofsatiricalcomedy.Theauthordoesnotfocusonrenderingtheprotagonist’sdistortedfaceshape,butfocusesonsatirizingthesocialenvironmentthatcausedsuchdeformers,remindingpeoplenottosimplylookatthesingleTheuglinessoftheindividualrequiresmoredeepthinkingabouttheentiresocietyandhistorythatcausedthiskindofhumanity.Thiswilldeepenthedepthofthenovel'sthinkingandenhancetheartistryofthework.

  Usageoflanguage

  Intheuseoflanguage,ShaTing’snovelsaresuccinctandsimple,livelyandsimple,unobtrusive,rigorousandsimple.WithastrongSichuanregion'snativecolor.

  ShaTingisgoodatvisualizingthoughtsinasimple,vivid,andsimplemanner,hidinghisthoughtsinordinaryeventsthatarecasuallydescribed,formingakindof"ordinary"artisticrealm,whichembodiesprofoundnessintheordinary.Inthe"GoldRush",thescenewhereBaijiangdaninvitesHeRaceandLinYao'seldestsontohaveadrink,throughthedialogueaboutdrinking,impliesprofoundcontentandsubtlepsychologicalactivitiesofthecharacters.

  ThesuccinctlanguageofShaTing'snovelsisnotonlyshowninthetext,butalsointhebeginningandend.Atthebeginningoftheauthor'snovel,itisoftenshortandclear,andgoesdirectlyintothestory.Thebeginningof"DisasterSelection":"ThankGod!Thesecondfatherofthebamboosmithfinallyclimbedoverthewallandescaped!"Therewasnocommentonhowtheelectionbroughtthedisastertothefarmers.Thesecondfatherofthebamboosmithescapedoverthewallenoughtoattractpeople.thinking.Theendingofthenovelisalsocleanandintriguing.Forexample,attheendof"InQixiangjuTeaHouse",thestoryhasnotbeenfinishedyet,theauthorturnedhispen:"Whatdidyoudo?Doyouhavetoothache?Whyareyoureyesswollen?..."

  Asa"characteristicwriter",thesuccessofthenovelartisalsoduetothewriter'sproficientuseofSichuanfolklanguagetoacertainextent.TheauthordeliberatelyrefinestheSichuandialectandthenativelanguage,makingitasoundandcolorfulliterarylanguagethatcanbeappealedtotheauditory,whiledrivingfreely,makingthenarrative,describingthepsychologyanddialogue,allhumorousandlonglasting.Forexample,"Iwanttodigagoldendollwithahoe","eatbigoil","seetheskytoeat","playamother'shouse","stretchface","steponthethresholdofjade"andsoon.Theselanguages​​containthepeculiarSichuanpeople'ssimple,calm,strong,andhumoroustemperament.Theauthorseemstohavecomebyhand,makinghisworkssolid,mellowandold-fashioned.

  Characterevaluation

  LuXun,awriter,thinker,andrevolutionary:oneofthemostoutstandingleft-wingwriters.

  AuthorSunXiaofen:ShaTing’sworksareuniqueintheirstrongSichuancountryside.TheyareasfamousasAiWuinthemodernChineseliteraryworld,andtheyarebothabeautifullandscape.

  Sina.com:ShaTingusedarealisticapproachtoportraythedarklifeintheruralareasandtownsofSichuan.Hisexpressionwasrigorous,concise,andsubtle,showingacleartendencyinhisobjectiveandcalmdescription.Goodatsatire,concentratedplot,strongdrama,expressingfeelingsthroughthedescriptionoftherelationshipbetweencharactersinaspecificenvironment.Thelanguageoftheworksissimple,humorous,colloquial,andhasastronglocalflavor.

  "HuaxiMetropolisDaily":ShaTingisawriterwithauniqueartisticstyle.HisworksaremainlybasedonSichuantownsandvillages,usingcold,objective,revealing,satiricaltechniquesandsubtleanddeepartistictemperament.Describetherealsociety.Thetypicaldetailsofthecharactersaremeticulouslyportrayed,andthepicturesarefullofsocialcustoms.HeisgoodatdescribingthesocialcustomsinSichuan,renderingtheatmosphereofthescene,andcapturingthetypicaldetailsofthecharacters.Hisnovelsarefamousfortheirstrongsenseofhumorandstronglocalcolor.