hardware

Basiccomponents

Thecomputeriscomposedoffivelogiccomponents:arithmeticunit,controller,memory,inputdeviceandoutputdevice

arithmeticunit

Thearithmeticunitiscomposedofarithmeticlogicunit(ALU),accumulator,statusregister,generalregistergroupandsoon.

Thebasicfunctionsofthearithmeticlogicunit(ALU)arethefourarithmeticoperationsofaddition,subtraction,multiplication,anddivision,logicaloperationssuchasAND,OR,NOT,XOR,andoperationssuchasshiftandcomplement.

Controller

Thecontroller(ControlUnit)isthecontrolcenteroftheentirecomputersystem.Itdirectsthevariouspartsofthecomputertoworkinacoordinatedmannertoensurethatthecomputerisorderlyinaccordancewiththepre-definedgoalsandstepsOperateandprocessinatimelymanner.

Thecontrollerfetchesinstructionsonebyonefromthememory,analyzeswhatoperationeachinstructionspecifiesandthestoragelocationoftherequireddata,etc.,andthensendscontrolsignalstootherpartsofthecomputerbasedontheresultsoftheanalysis,andcommandstheentireThecomputercompletestheoperationspecifiedbytheinstruction.

CentralProcessingUnit

CentralProcessingUnit(CPU),composedofarithmeticunitandcontroller,isanessentialcorecomponentinanycomputersystem.TheCPUiscomposedofanarithmeticunitandacontroller,whicharerespectivelyrealizedbyanarithmeticcircuitandacontrolcircuit.

Memory

Memory(Memory)isamemorydeviceinacomputersystem,usedtostoreprogramsanddata.

Alltheinformationinthecomputer,includingtheinputoriginaldata,computerprograms,intermediaterunningresultsandfinalrunningresultsareallstoredinthememory.Itstoresandretrievesinformationaccordingtothelocationspecifiedbythecontroller.Withthememory,thecomputerhasthememoryfunctionandcanensurenormaloperation.

Inputdevice

Adeviceforinputtingdataandinformationintoacomputer.Itisabridgebetweencomputersandusersorotherdevices.Theinputdeviceisoneofthemaindevicesforinformationexchangebetweentheuserandthecomputersystem.

Outputdevice

Theoutputdevice(OutputDevice)isacomputerterminaldevice,usedtoreceivecomputerdataoutputdisplay,printing,sound,controlperipheralequipmentoperation,etc.Italsoexpressesvariouscalculationresultdataorinformationintheformofnumbers,characters,images,andsounds.

Basiccomponents

Inputdevice

Keyboard

Mouse

Scanner

Digitaldrawingboard

Touchpad

Trackball

Microphone

Camera

Outputdevice

Display

Speaker

Printer

Headphone

Speaker

Projector

Storagedevice

SolidStateDrive

Mobileharddisk

CD

DVD

floppydisk

Flashmemory

Tapedrive

Equipmentinthechassis

CentralProcessingUnit

randomstorageFetchmemory

Displaycard

Soundcard

Motherboard

PowerSupply

HardDisk

TRS

S/PDIF

HDMI

Relationshiptable

Inputdevice

• Keyboard

• Mouse

• Touchpad

• Trackball

• Digitalinputboardandinputpen/pointer

p>

• Touchscreen

• Gamecontroller

• Gamejoystick

• Microphone

• Scanner

• Barcodereader

• Camera

• Digitalcamera

Storagedevice

Portablestoragedevices

• CDCD-ROM,CD-RW,CD-R

• DVDDVD/CD-RWCombo,DVD-ROM,DVD-RW,DVD-R,DVD-RAM,DVD+RW,DVD+R

• Floppydisk

• Tapedrive

• Mobileharddrive

• Flashmemory

• Flashdrive

• MemorycardSD,CF,MMC,SM

Built-inmemory

• HardDisk

• SSD

• DiskArrayController