Introduction
Anymoleculewithamolecularweightlessthan500iscalledasmallmolecule,andasmallmoleculeisgenerallyasimplemonomersubstance.(CNKIEncyclopedia)
SmallRNA
OpenCategory:Biology,Science,Molecule,RNA,Cell
SmallRNA(smallRNA)
Existinthenucleusandcytoplasmofeukaryotes,theyare100to300basesinlength(thelongestinyeastisabout1000bases).Eachcellcancontain105to106oftheseRNAmolecules,whilethefewarenotdirectlydetectable.TheyaresynthesizedbyRNApolymeraseIIorRNApolymeraseIII,someofwhichcanbecappedlikemRNA.
TherearetwomaintypesofsmallRNA:oneissnRNA(smallnuclearRNA),whichexistsinthenucleus;theotherisscRNA(smallcytoplasmicRNA),whichexistsinthecytoplasm.
SmallRNAsusuallyformcomplexeswithproteinsandplayanimportantroleinthelifeactivitiesofcells.CertainsnRNPsarecloselyrelatedtosplicing.Theyarerelatedtothedonorandacceptorsplicingsitesandbranches,respectively.Thesequenceiscomplementary.ScRNAisinvolvedinproteinsynthesisandtransport.Forexample,SRPparticlesareribonucleosomeparticlescomposedofa7SRNAandprotein.Themainfunctionistorecognizesignalpeptidesandguideribosomestotheendoplasmicreticulum.
Definition
Smallmolecules,namelyOCOsmallmolecules.Fromachemicalpointofview,asmallmoleculeisanaturalcompoundwithasmallmolecularweight.Itusuallyreferstoabiologicallyfunctionalmoleculewithamolecularweightoflessthan1000Daltons(especiallysmallmoleculeslessthan400Daltons);fromabiologicalpointofview,smallmoleculesareBiologicallyactivesmallpeptides,oligopeptides,oligosaccharides,oligonucleotides,vitamins,minerals,smallwatermolecules,plantsecondarymetabolitesandtheirdegradationproductssuchasaglycones,scutellarin,aglycones,alkaloids,etc.;Fromtheperspectiveofnutrition,ifprotein,fat,sugar,vitamins,minerals,andcellulosearecalled"first-generationnutrients",smallmoleculesarethe"second-generation"ofnutritionalelements,simplycalled"second-generation"Nutrients".
Theory
"SmallMolecule"TheoryistheBeijingZhongshengOpto-PeptideTechnologyResearchInstitute,whichintegratesitsscientificresearchresultsinthefieldof"oligonutrition"suchassmallpeptidesandoligosaccharides,Aswellastheapplicationpracticeinthefieldsofcosmetics,nutritionalfood,healthproducts,medicine,etc.,thetheoreticalsystemsummarized,whichcoversnanoscienceandbiologicalscience,cosmeticscience,nutritionalscience,Chineseherbalmedicine,Chinesemedicinescience,medicalscienceandotherdisciplinesThefieldisatheoreticalsystemformedonthebasisofpracticethroughcrossoverandsynthesis.
Refuge
Thelifelineofsmallmoleculesdatesbacktotheirappearanceandhasexistedforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Throughouttheages,scientistshaverevealedfromdifferentanglesandappliedthisobjectivenaturallawtodifferentdegreestoservemankind.Withtheadvancementofscienceandtechnology,thepreludetothecomprehensiveserviceofsmallmoleculescienceforhumanhealthhasbeenopened.
Foralongtime,theconceptof"smallmolecules"hasneverbeenclearlydefined.Fromachemicalpointofview,asmallmoleculeisanaturalcompoundwitharelativelysmallmolecularweight,usuallyreferstoabiologicalfunctionalmoleculewithamolecularweightoflessthan1000Daltons;fromabiologicalpointofview,asmallmoleculeisasmallpeptide,oligopeptide,Oligosaccharides,oligonucleotides,vitamins,minerals,smallmolecularclustersofwater,plantsecondarymetabolitesandtheirdegradationproductssuchasaglycones,scutellarin,aglycones,alkaloids,etc.;fromanutritionalpointofview,smallmoleculesareThe"secondgeneration"ofnutritionalelements,peoplecansimplycallit"secondgenerationnutrients".
Everyoneknowsthattheintakeofexternalnutrientsisthefoundationofhumansurvival.Theprocessofdigestingexternalnutrientsinto"second-generationnutrients"inthebodyisasystematicengineeringfrommacrotomicro.Fromthesecretionoforalsalivaryamylaseandtheinitialmixinganddecompositionoffoodduringchewing,totheparticipationofgastricacid,pepsin,andchymosininthedigestionofthestomach,totheparticipationofsmallintestinaljuice,largeintestinejuice,pancreaticjuice,andbile.Throughtheaboveprocess,theprotein,polysaccharide,fat,etc.inthefoodarebrokendownintosmallmolecularsubstancessuchasaminoacids,smallpeptides,oligosaccharides,fattyacids,etc.,andenterthebloodcirculationsysteminthebodythroughtheintestinalmucosa,gastricmucosaandotherabsorptionparts.Organs,tissues,andsystemsareusedbythehumanbodytobenourishedandgrow.
Thisprocessisessentiallytheprocessofsmallmolecules,whichconstitutesthelifelineofsmallmoleculesofnutrients.Smallmoleculesareanimportantnodeinthelifelineofthehumanbody.Thequantity,quality,compositionandstructureofsmallmolecules,andworkefficiencydeterminethebirth,aging,sicknessanddeathofaperson,rangingfromsubtlechangestotheskin,andmostimportantly,relatedtohumangrowth,survival,health,lifespan,andlife.life.Fornormalpeople,thislifelineishealthy.However,withyoungpeople’slackofself-careandlifecyclefactors,thislifelinebeginstosufferfromvaryingdegreesofdamageoragingaftertheageof30;endocrinelevelsdecrease,dietarystructureisimperfect,dietaryirregularities,badhabits,harshenvironments,etc.Theyareallkillersofthelifelineofsmallmolecules.
Thelifelineofsmallmoleculesinthehumanbodyinherentlyhaslimitations.Forexample,thehumanbodyusesanimperfectenzymaticsystemforpolysaccharides,andmanypolysaccharidescannotbedigestedinthesmallintestine,butonlytheenzymesystemthatreliesonthebeneficialfloraofthelargeintestineTosupplementthelackofhumandigestionandnutritionalsupplements.Withvariousman-madeandnon-man-madeinjuries,thelifelineofsmallmoleculeshasbeeninfringedtovaryingdegrees.Thedamageofthesesmallmoleculelifelinesdirectlyaffectsthenourishmentofvarioussystemsofthehumanbody,whicharedamaged,andformamultipliereffectwithvariousdiseasesofthehumanbody,resultinginnewunhealthyeffectsandnewdiseases.
Inanutshell:Thebiggestdifferencebetweensmallmoleculesandlargemoleculesisthattheirmolecularweightissmallandbiologicallyactive.Mostofthemcanbeabsorbeddirectlybythehumanbodywithoutdecomposing,whichgreatlyimprovestheabsorptionefficiency.Itcanbeseenthatifsmallmoleculesareappliedtothefieldofhealthandbeautyinanall-roundway,anewsituationwillbeopenedup.
Thefuture
Theerosionofthelifelineofsmallmoleculesisfirstreflectedinthechangesintheskin,whichiscloselyrelatedtobeauty.Theskinisthemostremotepartofthehumanbody'snutritionalsystem.Thelackofnutritioninthebodyisfirstmanifestedontheskin.Forexample,theskinisdarkyellow,indicatingthatthebloodcirculationsystemhasdecreasedhematopoieticfunction,insufficienthematopoieticnutrients,increasedfreeradicals,andfreeradicalscavengingsystemInjuries,etc.;roughskin,skinfatigue,saggingskin,skininflammation,stains,wrinklesatthecornersoftheeyes,darkcircles,bagsundertheeyes,pimples,hairloss,hairloss,roughfeet,frequentyawnsandothersymptomscanallbereducedfromsmallmoleculesLookforthecauseofthemissingordamagedlifeline.
Humanshavealwaysbeenaccustomedtousingtheirownsmallmoleculeprocessingplantstosupplementtheirownsmallmoleculelifelines.Ifpeoplecanmakemoreuseofinvitrobioengineeringtoreplenishtheirownsmallmoleculelineswithsmallmoleculenutrition,whatawonderfulsituationitwillbe!Theeffectonhumanhealth,lifeexpectancy,youth,andbeautywillbeimmeasurable.
Withthedeepeningofsociety’sunderstandingofsmallmoleculesandthematurityofthescientificresearchteam,Iwaspleasantlysurprisedtofindthatsmallmoleculetechnologycanparticipateinallaspectsofbodyimmunity,bloodpressure,bloodlipids,bloodsugar,digestion,Theconstructionandimprovementofsub-healthproblemsintherespiratory,nerve,endocrine,skinandotherorgansystems.
Industry
Theapplicationspaceofsmallmoleculetechnologyinfood,healthcare,medicine,cosmeticsandotherfieldsisextremelyhuge.Expertspointedout:Smallmoleculetechnologyhasthepotentialtoexpandintoalargeindustry.Wherethereisnutrition,therearesmallmolecules,sosmallmoleculetechnologycanbeused.Itwillpromotetheupgradingoftraditionalfood,nutritionandotherindustries.
Smallmoleculesareabigindustry,andsmallmoleculesarereallyhealthyandbeautiful.BianQue,a"medicalsage"duringtheWarringStatesPeriod,said:"Goingtodoctorsisnotdiseased."Itisthehigheststateofmedicalpracticetokeeppeoplefromgettingsick.Theambitionofsmall-moleculescienceandtechnologyliesin"Rejectingillnessthousandsofmilesaway,andtreatingminorillnessesbeforechangingtheirminds."