Quantitative analysis

Basicmethod

1.Ratioanalysismethod.Itisthebasicmethodoffinancialanalysisandthemainmethodofquantitativeanalysis.

2.Trendanalysismethod.Itcomparesthedataofrelevantfinancialindicatorsofthesameunitforseveralconsecutiveyearsandobservesitsgrowth.Throughtrendanalysis,theanalystcanunderstandthedevelopmentandchangetrendofthecompanyinaparticularaspect.

3.Structuralanalysismethod.Itconsidersthestatusofeachsub-projectintheoverallprojectbyanalyzingtheproportionorcompositionofeachsub-projectinthecorporatefinancialindicators.

4.Mutualcontrastmethod.Itrevealsthequantitativedifferencebetweeneconomicindicatorsthroughthemutualcomparisonofeconomicindicators.Itcanbeaverticalcomparisonbetweenthecurrentperiodandthepreviousperiod,ahorizontalcomparisonbetweendifferentcompaniesinthesameindustry,oracomparisonwithstandardvalues.Findthegapthroughcomparison.Thenanalyzethereasonsforthegap.

5.Mathematicalmodelmethod.Inmodernmanagementscience,mathematicalmodelsarewidelyused,especiallyineconomicforecastingandmanagement.Sinceexperimentalverificationcannotbecarriedout,mathematicalmodelsareusuallyusedtoanalyzeandpredictthepossibleresultsofeconomicdecision-making.

Theabovefivequantitativeanalysismethods,theratioanalysismethodisthefoundation,thetrendanalysis,structuralanalysisandcomparativeanalysismethodsareextensions,andthemathematicalmodelmethodrepresentsthedevelopmentdirectionofquantitativeanalysis.

Developmenthistory

Qualitativeanalysisandquantitativeanalysisaretwokindsofanalysismethodsthatpeopleusewhentheyunderstandthings.TheconceptofqualitativeanalysiswaswelldevelopedintheancientGreekera.Atthattime,agroupoffamousscholarsgavephysicalexplanationstothenaturalworldtheystudiedintheirownresearch.Forexample:Aristotlehasstudiedmanynaturalphenomena,butinhisthickwritings,hecouldnotfindamathematicalformula.Hedescribesthenatureofeveryphenomenon,anddefinesthenatureofeverynaturaltheoremdiscovered.Althoughthiskindofknowledgeisindispensabletopeople'sunderstandingofthesensoryworld,itlacksthebasisforin-depththinking,becausetheextensionofonenatureofthingstoanotherisoftenbeyondthecognitiveabilityofhumanbeings.Therefore,asawayofthinkingthathasexistedinancienttimesbuthasnotbeenaccuratelypositioned,quantitativeanalysishasobviousadvantagescomparedwithqualitativeanalysis.Itdefinesthingsintherangethathumanscanunderstandandisqualitativebyquantity.ThequantitativeanalysismethodasabasicwayofthinkingforanalyzingproblemsbeganwithGalileo.Asthefounderofmodernscience,Galileodevelopedquantitativeanalysisinhisownresearchforthefirsttime.Fromdynamicstoastronomy,Galileoabandonedit.Inthepast,peopleonlyanalyzedthecausesandresultsofthingswithsubjectiveguesses,andreplacedthemwithexperiments,mathematicalsymbols,andformulas."ThedecisionthatGalileopursuestodescribeisthemostprofoundandeffectivechangeinscientificmethodology.Itsimportanceliesinputtingscienceundertheprotectionofscience."Andmathematicsisthescienceofquantity.Itcanbesaidthatasciencecanonlybecalledasciencewhenitsuccessfullyusesmathematics.Fromtheperspectiveofthedevelopmentofrationality,Galileo’sscientificmethodofreplacingqualitativewithquantificationisthattheobjectofhumancognitionchangesfromvaguetoclear,andfromabstracttoconcrete,whichmakeshumanrationalityaddquantitativefeaturestoqualitative.Andbecauseofthissubstitution,conceptsthathavenothingtodowithquantification,suchasthenatureofessentialorigin,arereplacedbynewconceptssuchasspace,time,weight,velocity,acceleration,inertia,force,energy,etc.inacertainfieldandwithinacertainrange.

Qualitativeanalysis

Qualitativeanalysisandquantitativeanalysisshouldbeunifiedandcomplementary;qualitativeanalysisisthebasicpremiseofquantitativeanalysis,andqualitativeanalysiswithoutqualitativeValuelessquantification;quantitativeanalysismakesqualitativemorescientificandaccurate,anditcanpromptqualitativeanalysistodrawbroadandin-depthconclusions.

Quantitativeanalysisisamethodofestablishingamathematicalmodelbasedonstatisticaldata,andusingthemathematicalmodeltocalculatethevariousindicatorsandvalues​​oftheanalysisobject.Qualitativeanalysisisamethodofmakingjudgmentsbasedontheanalyst'sintuitionandexperience,thepastandpresentcontinuityoftheanalysisobject,andthelatestinformationandmaterialstomakejudgmentsonthenature,characteristics,andlawofdevelopmentandchangeoftheanalysisobject.Incontrast,theformermethodismorescientific,butrequiresahigherdegreeofmathematicalknowledge,whilethelattermethodisrougher,butitismoresuitablewhenthedataisinsufficientortheanalyst’smathematicalfoundationisweak,andismoresuitableforgeneralInvestorsandeconomicworkers.However,itmustbepointedoutthatalthoughthetwoanalyticalmethodshavehighandlowrequirementsformathematicalknowledge,theycannotseparatequalitativeanalysisfromquantitativeanalysis.Infact,modernqualitativeanalysismethodsalsousemathematicaltoolsforcalculations,whilequantitativeanalysismustbebasedonqualitativepredictions.Thetwocomplementeachother.Qualitativeisaquantitativebasis,andquantificationisaqualitativeembodiment.Thetwoarecombinedandusedflexibly.Inordertoachievethebestresults.

Differentanalysismethodshavetheirowndifferentcharacteristicsandperformance,buttheyallhaveonethingincommon,thatis,theygenerallyanalyzeandexplaintheproblemthroughcomparison.Itisthroughthecomparisonofvariousindicatorsorthecomparisonofthesameindicatorsindifferentperiodsthatthequantity,quality,efficiency,consumption,developmentspeed,etc.canbereflectedandjudged.Providesolidandevidence-basedinformation.

RelatedExamples

Themagnitudeofthenumericalvalueusedinthesequencescalecorrespondstothespecificsequenceoftheresearchobject.Forexample,labelingtheupper-upper,middle-upper,middle,lower-middle,lower-lower,etc.inthesocialclassas"5,4,3,2,1"or"3,2.5,2,1.5,1"belongstothiscategory.onetype.It'sjustthatthedifferencebetween5representingtheupperandupperlayerand4representingtheupperandmiddlelayer,andthedifferencebetween4representingtheupperandmiddlelayerand3representingthemiddleandupperlayer,arenotnecessarilythesame.5,4,3,etc.arearbitrarilyaddedsymbols,anditdoesnotmatteriftheyarewrittenas100,50,or10.

Thenumericalvalueusedinthepitchscalenotonlyindicatestheamountofthemeasurementobject,butalsoindicatesthedegreeoftheirsize,thatis,thesizeoftheinterval.However,theorigininthisscalecanbesetarbitrarily,butitdoesnotmeanthatthequantityofthethingis"none".Forexample,0°Cisanabsolutetemperatureof273°Kand32°FinFahrenheit.

Thevalues​​ofnominalscaleandordinalscalecannotbeadded,subtracted,multiplied,anddivided,butthevalueofspacingscalecanbeaddedandsubtracted.However,sincetheoriginisarbitrarilyset,multiplicationanddivisioncannotbeperformed.Forexample,thedifferencebetween5°Cand10°Ccanbesaidtobethesameasthedifferencebetween15°Cand20°C,andbothare5°C.Butitcannotbesaidthat20°Cis4timeshigherthan5°C.

Themeaningofthescaleisabsolute,thatis,ithastheorigin0whichmeans"no"quantity.Length,weight,time,etc.areallrangesmeasuredbythescale.Thedifferenceandratioofthemeasuredvalueoftheratioscaleareallcomparable.Forexample:thedifferencebetween5minutesand10minutesandthedifferencebetween10minutesand15minutesareboth5minutes,and10minutesis5timesof2minutes.Thescalecanbeadded,subtracted,multipliedanddivided.