Theoldorder
Theso-calledoldinternationaleconomicorderreferstotheInternationalMonetaryFundAgreement,theInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopmentAgreementsignedattheBrettonWoodsConferencein1944,andThethreemajoragreementsthatcameoutofthe"GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade"formedthebasiclegalframeworkandmainlyreflectedtheinterestsofdevelopedcountriesledbytheUnitedStatesandBritainandrequiredinternationalinstitutionalarrangementsinthefieldsofinternationaltradeandinternationalfinance.
NewInternationalOrder
Theso-callednewinternationaleconomicorderreferstothecurrentworldeconomicenvironmentinordertopromotetheeconomicandsocialprogressofdevelopingcountriesandreflectthecurrentinternationaleconomicorder.Theadjustmentandchangeoftheinternationaleconomicstructureformsaninternationaleconomicmechanismthatcantrulyembodyfairnessandmutualbenefit,therighttodevelopmentofdevelopingcountries,andfocusonsustainabledevelopment.Thepropositionofnewinternationaleconomicrelationsputforwardbydevelopingcountriestochangetheoldinternationaleconomicorder.InMay1974,thesixthspecialsessionoftheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyadoptedthe"DeclarationontheEstablishmentofaNewInternationalEconomicOrder"andthe"ProgrammeofAction";inDecemberofthesameyear,the29thUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblypassedthe"CharterofEconomicRightsandDutiesofStates."Themaincontentoftheneworderembodiedinthesedocumentsisthatcountrieshavefullsovereigntyovertheirnaturalresourcesandalleconomicactivities,andreformsarenotconducivetodevelopingcountries’internationalfinancialsystemsandtermsoftrade.
