Definition
WebsterInternationalDictionary(thirdedition)definesstatisticsas"Asciencedealingwiththecollection,analysis,interpretation,andpresentationofnumericaldata".AnepidemiologicaldictionaryeditedbyLastJMdefinesstatisticsas"thescienceandartofdealingwithvariationindatathroughcollection,classificationandanalysisinsuchawayastoobtainreliableresults".Itcanbeseenfromthisthatstatisticsisthescienceandartofdealingwithvariabilityindata,anditisadisciplinethatobtainsreliableresultsintheprocessofcollecting,categorizing,analyzing,andinterpretinglargeamountsofdata.The"process"isemphasizedhere,butinactualwork,manypeopleoftenignorethedesign,collectionandclassification(organization),andonlythinkofstatisticswhenanalyzingthedata.Atthistime,itisinevitablethat"itistoolatetoregret"regrets..Asanapplicatorofstatistics,youshouldfullyrealizethis.
Content
Healthstatistics
Medicaldemographics,diseasestatistics,growthanddevelopmentstatistics,etc.;
Healthservicestatistics
Includingstatisticalissuessuchastheutilizationofhealthresources,thedemandformedicalandhealthservices,andthereformofthehealthcaresystem.
Precautions
1)Acorrectandcomprehensiveunderstandingofsomebasicconceptsandbasicideasofstatistics:Asmentionedearlier,"HealthStatistics"shouldbea"professionalstatistics",because"ProfessionalStatistics"mainlyemphasizesthepracticalapplicationofstatisticalmethods.Generally,theprinciplesofthemethodsarenotintroducedtoomuch.Therefore,studentswillfinditdifficulttounderstandsomeformulas,methodsandconceptsduringthelearningprocessofthiscourse,andtherewillbemany"Why",soIfeelthatthecurriculumisdifficulttolearnandunderstand,anditisdifficulttofullygraspthecurriculum.Inresponsetothisproblem,fromtheperspectiveofapplication,studentsshouldfocusonunderstandingthebasicstatisticalconcepts,principles,andbasicideas,anddonotneedtodotoomuchin-depthresearchonthesourceoftheformula.Listencarefullytothelecturesinclass,andstrengthencommunicationwithteachersandclassmatesafterclass.Thiswillhelpyoutounderstandtheconceptsandbasicideascorrectly.
2)Dilutetediousandcomplexcalculations:Withtherapiddevelopmentofinformationtechnology,computerscanbeseeneverywhere,andvariousdataprocessingsoftwareandstatisticalsoftwarearereadilyavailable,whichallowsustolearnfromtediousandcomplexstatisticalcalculations.Getoutofit.Butitsnegativeeffectistheblinduseofcomputersandstatisticalsoftware.Nomatterwhattypeofresearchdatais,theyaresimplyhandedovertothecomputerforprocessing,andcomputersareusedtoreplacestatistics,causingalargenumberofabuseandmisuseofstatisticalmethods.Manydatainmedicalresearcharerelatedtothehealthofthepopulation,andthemisuseofstatisticalmethodscanleadtoseriousethicalproblems.Thispromptsustopayattentiontothechoiceof"statisticalmethods",theassuranceof"dataquality"andthe"expression"ofstatisticalresults.
3)Combiningpracticeanddiligentpractice:Sincethecontentofthepreviouschaptersof"HealthStatistics"isverycloselyrelated,thequalityofthepreviouschapterwillhaveagreaterimpactonthesubsequentchapters.ThisStudentsarerequiredtohaveagoodgraspofthecontentofeachchapter.Abetterwaytoachievethisistocompletethesamplequestionsandexercisesineachchapterintime,especiallytheanalyticalthinkingquestions.Sincetheexercisesinthetextbookarenotpracticalproblemswithcompletemeaning(ithasbeensortedout),ifyouwanttosolvepracticalscientificresearchproblemswiththestatisticalmethodsyouhavelearned,youmustalsohaveastagetoapplythesemethods.Duetothelimitedconditions,itisimpossibleforstudentsinschooltoengageincompleteness.However,studentscanreadscientificresearchpapersinmedicaljournalsthroughtheInternetorthelibraryintheirsparetimetounderstandotherpeople’sstatisticaldesignideasandstatisticalanalysismethods,andoftenparticipateintheopeningreportsandthesisanswersofgraduatestudents.Ibelievethatthroughthisseriesofstudies,youwillbeabletousebasicstatisticalmethodswitheaseandease.
Statisticsisaprocessofturninginformationintoknowledge,andknowledgeisbeneficialtoscientificprogress.Inthisprocess,youwillunderstandtheessenceandmysteryofstatistics,andatthesametimeyouwillexperiencethejoyofstatisticalthinkingandreasoning,becauseascientificstatisticalprocessisaprocessofmedicalprogress.
Introduction
UndertheplanningandguidanceoftheStateAdministrationofTraditionalChineseMedicine,thisbookisspecificallyorganizedbytheNationalAssociationfortheConstructionofAdvancedChineseMedicineTextbooks,andisjointlyorganizedbymorethantenhigherinstitutionsofChinesemedicine.CompileanewcenturynationalhigherschoolofChinesemedicineplanningtextbookforusebymanagementmajorsinhigherschoolofChinesemedicineacrossthecountry.
Intheearlytenyearsofthenewcentury,variousChinesemedicinecollegesanduniversitiesacrossthecountryhavesuccessivelyopenedmajorsinmedicinemanagement,medicalinsurance,marketing,andhospitalmanagement.Thesemajorsareinseparablefromtheapplicationofhealthstatistics.Healthstatisticsisanapplieddisciplinethatappliestheprinciplesandmethodsofprobabilitytheoryandmathematicalstatisticstostudytheuncertainphenomenainhealthmanagementandhealtheconomy,andisanimportantquantitativeresearchtool.Theuseofstatisticalanalysiscandiscoverthelawsthatexistobjectivelyinmedicalandhealthservices,appropriatelyquantifyrelevantconclusions,andobtainscientificconclusions,whichcancultivatestudents'statisticalthinkingandrigorousscientificattitude.
Thistextbookisdividedinto15chapters,emphasizingthe"threebasics"trainingandpracticalapplication.Thefirstchapterintroducesthestatisticaldescriptionofquantitativedata,thesecondchapterintroducesthestatisticaldescriptionofclassifieddata,thethirdchapterintroducestheknowledgeandapplicationofcommonprobabilitydistributions,thefourthchapterintroducesparameterestimation,theotherfivechaptersintroducehypothesistesting,andthesixthchapterintroducesAnalysisofvariance,Chapter7introducescontingencytabledataanalysis,Chapter8introducesnon-parametrictesting,andChapter9introducescorrelationandregression.Thefirstninechaptersbelongtobasicstatistics.Chapters10to14belongtothecontentofprofessionalstatistics,andaremethodsoftenusedinhealthstatistics.Thefifteenthchapterisforexperimentaldesign,whichislessusedinmanagementmajors.Therefore,itislistedattheendforreferenceonly.
BookCatalog
ChapterOneStatisticalDescriptionofQuantitativeData
SectionOneBasicConcepts
I.Overall
Second,sample
3.Variables
SectionIIStatisticaldescriptionofquantitativedata
1.Positionalmeasurement
2.Dispersionmeasurement
Section3Commonlyusedstatisticalcharts
1.Frequencydistributiontableofquantitativedata
2.Statisticstable
Three,statisticalgraphs
SectionIVDPSsoftwareintroduction
1.BasicoperationsofDPS
2.FunctionsofDPS
Experiment
ChapterTwoStatisticalDescriptionofClassificationData
Section1FrequencyDistributionofClassificationData
SectionTwoRelativeNumbersCommonlyUsedinClassificationData
1.Ratio
2.Intensity
3.RelativeRatio
Section3CommonlyUsedRelativeNumbersinHealthStatistics
1,Demographicindicators
2.Diseasestatisticsindicators
3.Hospitalstatisticsindicators
4.Epidemiologicalsurveydataanalysisindicators
Five.Issuesthatshouldbepaidattentiontowhenapplyingrelativenumbers
Thefourthquarterratestandardization
1.Directmethodstandardizationrate
2.UsestandardizationmethodtoapplyPointstonote
Section5DynamicSequenceandAnalysisIndexes
1.Absolutegrowth,developmentspeedandgrowthrate
2.AveragedevelopmentspeedandAverageincreaseanddecreasespeed
Experiment2
ChapterThreeProbabilityDistribution
SectionOneBinomialDistribution
OneandBinomialDistributionPrerequisites
Probabilityfunctionofthebinaryandbinomialdistributions
Themeanandstandarddeviationofthethreeandbinomialdistributions
Section2Poissondistribution
p>1.PrerequisitesforPoissondistribution
2.ProbabilitydensityfunctionofPoissondistribution
3.MeanandstandarddeviationofPoissondistribution
SectionThreeNormalDistributionandStandardNormalDistribution
First,NormalDistribution
Second,StandardNormalDistribution
SectionFourNormalDistributionApplicationof
1.Determinetherangeofmedicalreferencevalues
Theasymptoticrelationshipofthesecondandthreedistributions
3.Theapplicationofnormaldistributiontoqualitycontrol
p>Experiment3
Chapter4ParameterEstimation
Section1SamplingDistributionandSamplingError
1.SamplingdistributionandsamplemeanSamplingerror
2.Samplingdistributionandsamplingerrorofsamplerate
Section2tdistribution
Section3populationEstimationofthemeanandtheoverallprobability
1.Parameterestimation
2.Confidenceinterval
Experiment4
Chapter5Hypothesistesting
Section1HypothesisTestingPrinciples
Section2HypothesisTestingofOne-SampleNormalData
1.HypothesisTestingofNormalPopulationMeans
p>2.Hypothesistestofnormalpopulationvariance
Section3Hypothesistestoftwo-samplenormaldata
1.Ttestofpairedsampledata
2.Testforhomogeneityofvarianceofgroupdata
……
ChapterSixAnalysisofVariance
ChapterSevenDataAnalysisofContingencyTable
Chapter8NonparametricTesting
Chapter9CorrelationandRegression
Chapter10LogisticRegression
Chapter11TimeSequenceanalysis
ChapterTwelveComprehensiveEvaluation
ChapterThirteenSurvivalAnalysis
ChapterFourteenthInvestigationDesign
TenthFivechaptersofexperimentaldesign
AppendixIStatisticalTables
AppendixIIExtracurricularExercises
AppendixIIIMockTestPapers