Introduction
Theemergenceofvarioustypesofconvertershasgreatlyexpandedthescopeofuseofvariousinstruments(devices),makingtheautomaticcontrolsystemmoreflexibleandbroaderAdaptability.Thebasicfunctionofvarioustypesofconvertersistoconvertinformationintoaformthatisconvenientfortransmissionandprocessing.Itisrequiredthattheinformationdoesnotundergodistortion,distortion,ordelayduringtheconversionprocess,sothereisacertaindegreeoflinearity,inputandoutputimpedancematchingandisolationoftheconverter.Requirements:①Linearcharacteristics.TheoutputsignalYoftheconverterisrequiredtohaveagoodproportionalrelationshipwiththeinputsignalX,thatis,Y=KX+A,whereKandAareconstants.②Inputimpedanceandoutputimpedance.Theinputimpedanceandoutputimpedanceoftheconvertermustmatchtheinputendinstrumentandtheoutputendinstrumentinordertoobtainhighconversionaccuracy.③Isolationcharacteristics.Theinputcircuit,outputcircuit,andpowersupplycircuitshouldbeisolatedfromeachotherontheDCpotential,andthegroundingpointsoftheinputandoutputcircuitsFshouldbeseparatedtoimprovetheanti-interferenceability.
Type
1,XV-VGAV101VGAtoAVconverter
ItcanconverttheVGAsignaloutputbythecomputerintoasignalthatTVAVcanaccept
2.XW-USVGDVUSBtoVGA/DVIvideoconverter
YoucanadduptosixadditionaldisplaywindowsthroughtheUSB2.0interfacetoextendyourWindowsdesktoptomultipledisplays,andAllowviewingmultipleprogramwindowsatthesametime
3,XW-AVVG101AVtoVGAconverter
ConvertanalogAVandS-videovideosignalsintoVGAdigitalsignals
4.XW-VGDV101VGAtoDVIconverter
ItcanconnecttheD-Suboutputportofordinarygraphicscard,VGAorRGBHVmatrixtohigh-enddisplaydevicessuchasmonitorsandprojectorsthatonlyhavedigitaloutputports.
5,XW-DVVG101DVItoVGAconverter
ItcanconnecttheoutputofthegraphicscardandtheplayerwithonlythedigitalimageoutputporttotheanalogD-SubinputportonlyDisplays,projectors,matrixswitchersandotherequipment
6,XW-AG2HDVGAtoHDMI
TheinputVGAvideosignalcanbeconvertedintoacompleteHDMIsignaloutput
7,DC2HDDVItoHDMI
TheinputDVIvideosignalcanbeconvertedintoacompleteHDMIsignaloutput
8,XW-YB2HDcomponentvideotoHDMI
TheinputcomponentvideoandaudiosignalcanbeconvertedintoacompleteHDMIsignaloutput
9,VDVR103videotoDVI+VGA
compositevideo,YPrPbandS-VideocomponentvideointoDVIsignalandVGAsignalareoutput
SoftRoadQuotations
DataTypeConverter
ThedatatypeconverterinHibernateisusedtoconvertthepersistentclassTypeconversionbetweenattributevaluesandtablefieldvalues.
Formatconverter
Theaudioandvideofileformatconversionfunctionofvideoeditingsoftware
Audioandvideoformatconvertersareakindofpopularsoftwarethatisverypopular.Comparedwiththeabovesignalconverter,itismainlywidelyusedinordinaryhouseholds.Themainapplicationsare:videoformatconversion,audioformatconversion,commonvideoformatconversionsincludeRMVB,AVItoMP4,3GP,theseconversionsaremainlyusedinmobilephonesVideoplayback,RMVB,AVItoDVD,theseconversionsaremainlyusedtoburnDVDdiscs.CommonaudioformatconversionsincludeMP3,APEtoM4A,AAC,andmusiccanbeplayedoniPods,etc.throughconversion.
Mainfunction:mainlyformultimediaaudioorvideoformatconversion,whichisverypopularamongthepublic.
Therepresentativevideoconvertersare:WindowsMoiveMaker,VideoStudio,FormatFactory,etc.
WindowsMovieMaker
WindowsMovieMakerisavideoeditingtoolthatcomeswiththeWindowssystem.BecauseitisprovidedbytheWindowssystem,itcanbedescribedasthemostcommonvideoconverterforordinaryhomecomputers..AsthesoftwaredevelopedbyMicrosoft,thevideoformatssupportedbyitaremainlyMicrosoft-relatedformats,suchasAVIandWMV,sothecompatibilityislimited.Butbecauseordinarycomputershavethem,itisveryconvenientforpeoplewhodonotrequirehighformatconversion.
SuperConversionShow
SuperConversionShowisthemostpopulardomesticvideoeditingsoftwareforcivilianuse.Thesoftwareintegratesvideoconversion,audioconversion,CDtrackripping,audioandvideomixingconversion.,Audioandvideocutting/connectingconversion,superimposingvideowatermark,superimposingrollingsubtitles/personaltext/pictures/framesareallinone,andcanworktogetherthroughtheenhancementtool"SubtitleConversion",addingexternalsubtitlefilesandself-madestandardsubtitles,whichcanbedescribedassmartComprehensiveandhigh-qualityeditingsoftwareamongeditingtools.
●Superimposedtext,scrollingsubtitles,watermarktrademark,superimposedphotoframeandotherfunctionsarethemostpowerful,easytouse,andtheeffectisverybeautiful.
●Thebestfunctioncompatibility,suchascutting,merging,etc.willnotbeeffectiveforindividualformatslikeotherconversionsoftware.ThevariousfunctionsofSuperConvertShowsupporttheperfectapplicationofalmostallformats.
●SupportallkindsofCPUMMX,3DNow!,SSE1/2/3/4andthelatestmulti-coretechnologyandotherinstructionsystemsarefullyoptimized,theconversionqualityisexcellentandthespeedisamazing.
●Itistheonlyconversionsoftwareonthemarketthathassmartcompatibilityandexpandsthecodecofallsystemsintheworld.Forexample,installthelatestversionofDivx,andthesoftwarewillautomaticallyusethelatestcodec.Withoutupgradingthesoftware,youcandoubletheconversionspeedorusethenewfunctionsofeachcodec.
●Unparalleleduser-friendlyoperationinterface,easytouse,noadsormaliciousplug-ins,veryfriendlyandbeautifulinterface,andhighproductquality.
●Ithasthebestsupportfortheconversionofvarioushigh-definitionvideoformats,withamazingspeedandexcellentcompatibility.Itiscurrentlythebestproductthatsupportshigh-definitionconversioninChina.
VideoStudio
VideoStudionotonlyfullymeetstheneedsoffamilyorpersonalvideoeditingfunction,itcanevenchallengeprofessional-levelvideoeditingsoftware,thesoftwaresupportsDVvideoCaptureandedittorealizethevideoeditingfunction.Infact,duetothepowerfulnon-linearvideoeditingfunction,VideoStudioismoreinclinedtobeavideoeditingsoftware,butitsvariouseditingfunctionsandaccompanyingvideoconversionThefunctioncanalsobringconveniencetothosewhoneednothighrequirementsforvideoconversion,butpreferediting.
FormatFactory
FormatFactory(FormatFactory)isamulti-functionalmultimediaformatconversionsoftwareforWindows.Canrealizetheconversionbetweenmostvideo,audioandimageformats.
Networkstandards
Therearethreemaintypesoflocalareanetwork(LAN)structures:Ethernet,TokenRing,TokenBus,andasthesethreeThebackbonenetworkfiberdistributiondatainterface(FDDI)ofthiskindofnetwork.Theyallfollowthestandardsstartingwith802madebyIEEE(AmericanInstituteofElectricalandElectronicEngineers).Therearecurrently11standardsrelatedtolocalareanetworks.Theyare:
IEEE802.1──GeneralNetworkConceptsandbridges,etc.
IEEE802.2──Logicallinkcontrol,etc.
IEEE802.3──CSMA/CDaccessmethodandphysicallayerregulations
IEEE802.4──ARCnetbusstructureandaccessmethod,physicallayerregulations
IEEE802.5──TokenRingaccessmethodandphysicallayerregulations,etc.
IEEE802.6──MetropolitanareanetworkAccessmethodandphysicallayerregulationsofIEEE802.7──BroadbandLAN
IEEE802.8──FiberLocalAreaNetwork(FDDI)
Type
1,XV-VGAV101VGAtoAVconverter
ItcanconverttheVGAsignaloutputbythecomputerintoasignalthatTVAVcanaccept
2,XW-USVGDV
USBtoVGA/DVIvideoconverter
YoucanadduptosixadditionaldisplaywindowsthroughtheUSB2.0interface,extendyourWindowsdesktoptomultipledisplays,andallowmultipleviewingatthesametimeAprogramwindow
3,XW-AVVG101AVtoVGAconverter
ConvertanalogAVandS-videovideosignalsintoVGAdigitalsignals
4,XW-VGDV101VGAtoDVIconverter
ItcanconnecttheD-Suboutputportofordinarygraphicscard,VGAorRGBHVmatrixtohigh-enddisplaydevicessuchasmonitorsandprojectorsthatonlyhavedigitaloutputports.
5,XW-DVVG101DVItoVGAconverter
CanconnecttheoutputofthegraphicscardandplayerwithonlydigitalimageoutputporttothedisplaywithonlyanalogD-Subinputport,Projectors,matrixswitchersandotherequipment
6,XW-AG2HDVGAtoHDMI
TheinputVGAvideosignalcanbeconvertedintoacompleteHDMIsignaloutput
7,DC2HDDVItoHDMI
TheinputDVIvideosignalcanbeconvertedintoacompleteHDMIsignaloutput
8,XW-YB2HDcomponentvideotoHDMI
TheinputcomponentvideoandaudiosignalscanbeconvertedintocompleteHDMIsignaloutput
9,VDVR103videotoDVI+VGA
compositevideo,YPrPbandS-VideocomponentvideotoDVISignalandVGAsignaloutput
Audioandvideoformat
Audioandvideofileformatconversionfunctionofvideoeditingsoftware
Audio,videoTheformatconverterisakindofverypopularsoftware.Comparedwiththesignalconverterabove,itiswidelyusedinordinaryhouseholds.Themainapplicationsare:videoformatconversion,audioformatconversion,commonvideoformatconversionisRMVB,AVItoMP4,3GP,theseconversionsaremainlyusedformobilevideoplayback,RMVB,AVItoDVD,theseconversionsaremainlyusedforburningDVDdiscs.CommonaudioformatconversionsincludeMP3,APEtoM4A,AAC,andmusiccanbeplayedoniPods,etc.throughconversion.
Mainfunction:mainlyformultimediaaudioorvideoformatconversion,whichisverypopularamongthepublic.
Therepresentativevideoconvertersare:WindowsMoiveMaker,VideoStudio.
WindowsMovieMaker
WindowsMovieMakerisavideoeditingtoolthatcomeswiththeWindowssystem.BecauseitisprovidedbytheWindowssystem,itcanbedescribedasthemostcommonvideoconverterforordinaryhomecomputers..AsthesoftwaredevelopedbyMicrosoft,thevideoformatssupportedbyitaremainlyMicrosoft-relatedformats,suchasAVIandWMV,sothecompatibilityislimited.Butbecauseordinarycomputershavethem,itisveryconvenientforpeoplewhodonotrequirehighformatconversion.
VideoStudio
VideoStudionotonlyfullymeetstheneedsoffamilyorpersonalvideoeditingfunction,itcanevenchallengeprofessional-levelvideoeditingsoftware,thesoftwaresupportsDVvideoCaptureandedittorealizethevideoeditingfunction.Infact,duetothepowerfulnon-linearvideoeditingfunction,VideoStudioismoreinclinedtobeavideoeditingsoftware,butitsvariouseditingfunctionsandaccompanyingvideoconversionThefunctioncanalsobringconveniencetothosewhoneednothighrequirementsforvideoconversion,butpreferediting.
Devicetype
ProtocolConverterAtlas
ConverterAtlas
Converterscanbedividedintoprotocolconvertersinprinciple,Twocategoriesofinterfaceconverters.Fromtheapplication,itcanbedividedintofiberopticconverters,photoelectricconverters,videoconvertersandsoon.Forexample,avideoconverterisadevicethatconnectsacomputerandaTV.ItcanconvertthecontentonthecomputeranddisplayitontheTV,sothatpeoplecanusetheTVtolearnaboutthecomputer,surftheInternet,playgames,dobusinesspresentations,watchstocks,andsoon.
Conversionmodes
Thecommonconversionmodesoftypicalconvertersareasfollows:
V.Conversionbetween35andG.703interface;
ConversionbetweenEthernet(RJ45)andRS232;
Conversionbetweensingle-modefiberandmulti-modefiber;
ConversionbetweenEthernet(RJ45)andRS232;p>
ConversionbetweenopticalfiberinterfaceandEthernet(RJ45);
ConversionbetweenEthernetportandE1;
ConversionbetweenUSBinterfaceandotherinterfaces,etc.Wait.
Interfacetype
ThetypicalinterfacetypesoftheconverterareEthernetinterface,E1interface,serialinterface(RS232),SC/STinterface,USBinterface,etc.
RJ-45interfaceconverter
1.Ethernetinterface
Interfacestandard:IEEE802.3
Terminalrate:10M/100/1000Mbps
Workingmode:fullduplex,halfDuplex
Terminalconnector:RJ45interface
2.E1interface
Networkinterface:G.703,G.704,G.823
Networkspeed:2.048Mbps
Networkinterface:BNC(75ohms)etc.
Linecode:HDB3code
3.Serialinterface
Interfacerate:19200bps
Interfacestandard:RS-232
SC/STinterfaceconverter
4.SC/STinterface
STinterface:10Base-F
SCinterface:100Base-FX
5.USBinterface
USB1.1:12Mbps
USB2.0:480Mbps
Themostbasicconverterusuallyhasonlytwointerfaces,andmoreAdvancedconvertershavemultipledifferentinterfaces.
Transmissionrate
Differentconverterproductshavedifferenttransmissionratesduetodifferentconversioninterfaces.Typicalinterfacetransmissionratesareasfollows:
ConverterAtlas
Networkstandards
Therearethreemaintypesoflocalareanetwork(LAN)structures:Ethernet,TokenRing,TokenBusandThebackbonenetworkfiberdistributiondatainterface(FDDI)ofthesethreekindsofnetworks.TheyallfollowtheIEEE(AmericanInstituteofElectricalandElectronicEngineers)standardsbeginningwith802.Therearecurrently11standardsrelatedtolocalareanetworks.Theyare:
IEEE802.1──generalnetworkconceptAndbridges,etc.
IEEE802.2──LogicalLinkControl,etc.
IEEE802.3──CSMA/CDaccessmethodandphysicallayerregulations
IEEE802.4──ARCnetbusstructureandaccessmethod,physicallayerregulations
IEEE802.5──TokenRingaccessmethodandphysicallayerregulations,etc.
IEEE802.6──MetropolitanareanetworkaccessmethodandphysicalLevelrequirements
IEEE802.7──BroadbandLAN
IEEE802.8──FiberOpticalLAN(FDDI)
A/Dconverter
IntroductiontoADconverter
1.ClassificationofADconverter
ThefollowingbrieflyintroducesthebasicprinciplesofseveralcommonlyusedtypesAndfeatures:integraltype,successiveapproximationtype,parallelcomparisontype/serialparalleltype,Σ-Δmodulationtype,capacitorarraysuccessivecomparisontypeandvoltage-frequencyconversiontype.
1)Integraltype(suchasTLC7135)
TheworkingprincipleofintegraltypeADistoconverttheinputvoltageintotime(pulsewidthsignal)orfrequency(pulsefrequency),andthenthetimer/Countergetsthedigitalvalue.Theadvantageisthathighresolutioncanbeobtainedwithasimplecircuit,butthedisadvantageisthatbecausetheconversionaccuracydependsontheintegrationtime,theconversionrateisextremelylow.Mostoftheinitialsingle-chipADconvertersusedintegraltype,andnowthesuccessivecomparisontypehasgraduallybecomethemainstream.
2)Successivecomparisontype(suchasTLC0831)
SuccessivecomparisontypeADiscomposedofacomparatorandDAconverterthroughsuccessivecomparisonlogic,startingfromMSB,andsequentiallyThebitcomparestheinputvoltagewiththeoutputofthebuilt-inDAconverter,andoutputsadigitalvalueafterntimesofcomparison.Thecircuitscaleismedium.Itsadvantagesarehighspeed,lowpowerconsumption,andhighpriceatlowresolution(12bits).
3)Parallelcomparisontype/serialparallelcomparisontype(suchasTLC5510)
ParallelcomparisontypeADusesmultiplecomparatorstoperformconversiononlyforonecomparison,alsoknownasFLash(Fast)type.Duetotheextremelyhighconversionrate,n-bitconversionrequires2n-1comparators.Therefore,thecircuitscaleisalsoverylargeandthepriceishigh.ItisonlysuitableforareaswithextremelyhighspeedssuchasvideoADconverters.
Thestructureoftheserial-parallelcomparisontypeADisbetweentheparalleltypeandthesuccessivecomparisontype.Themosttypicaloneiscomposedoftwon/2-bitparallelADconvertersandDAconverters.Thesecondcomparisonisconverted,soitiscalledHalfflash(semi-fast)type.TherearealsothreeormorestepstoachieveADconversioncalledMultistep/SubranglingAD,andfromtheperspectiveofconversiontiming,itcanalsobecalledPipelinedAD.ModernhierarchicalADalsoaddsmultipleTheconversionresultisusedfordigitaloperationtomodifyfeaturesandotherfunctions.ThespeedofthistypeofADishigherthanthatofthesuccessivecomparisontype,andthecircuitscaleissmallerthanthatoftheparalleltype.
4)Σ-Δ(Sigma?/FONT>delta)modulationtype(suchasAD7705)
Σ-ΔADconsistsofintegrator,comparator,and1-bitDAconverterAnddigitalfiltersandothercomponents.Inprinciple,itissimilartotheintegraltype.Theinputvoltageisconvertedintoatime(pulsewidth)signalandprocessedbyadigitalfiltertoobtainadigitalvalue.Thedigitalpartofthecircuitisbasicallyeasytosingle-chip,soitiseasytoachievehighresolution.Mainlyusedforaudioandmeasurement.
5)Capacitorarraysuccessivecomparisontype
CapacitorarraysuccessivecomparisontypeADusesacapacitormatrixmethodinthebuilt-inDAconverter,whichcanalsobecalledachargeredistributiontype.ThevaluesofmostresistorsingeneralresistorarrayDAconvertersmustbethesame,anditisnoteasytogeneratehigh-precisionresistorsonasinglechip.Ifacapacitorarrayisusedinsteadofaresistorarray,ahigh-precisionmonolithicADconvertercanbemadeatlowcost.MostoftherecentsuccessivecomparisonADconvertersareofthecapacitorarraytype.
6)Voltage-FrequencyConverter(suchasAD650)
Voltage-FrequencyConverterimplementsanalog-to-digitalconversionthroughindirectconversion.Theprincipleistofirstconverttheinputanalogsignalintoafrequency,andthenuseacountertoconvertthefrequencyintoadigitalquantity.Intheory,theresolutionofthisADcanbeincreasedalmostinfinitely,aslongasthesamplingtimecanmeetthewidthofthecumulativepulsenumberrequiredbytheoutputfrequencyresolution.Itsadvantagesarehighresolution,lowpowerconsumption,andlowprice,butitrequiresanexternalcountingcircuittocompletetheADconversiontogether.
2.ThemaintechnicalindicatorsoftheADconverter
1)Resolution(Resolution)referstotheamountofchangeoftheanalogsignalwhenthedigitalquantitychangesbyaminimumamount,Definedastheratiooffullscaleto2n.Resolutionisalsocalledaccuracy,usuallyexpressedbythenumberofdigitsofthedigitalsignal.
2)ConversionRate(ConversionRate)referstothereciprocalofthetimerequiredtocompleteanADconversionfromanalogtodigital.TheconversiontimeoftheintegralADismilliseconds,whichbelongstolow-speedAD,thesuccessivecomparisontypeADismicroseconds,whichbelongstomedium-speedAD,andthefull-parallel/serial-parallelADcanreachnanoseconds.Samplingtimeisanotherconcept,whichreferstotheintervalbetweentwoconversions.Inordertoensurethecorrectcompletionoftheconversion,thesamplerate(SampleRate)mustbelessthanorequaltotheconversionrate.Therefore,itisacceptableforsomepeopletoequatetheconversionratenumericallywiththesamplingrate.CommonlyusedunitsarekspsandMsps,whichmeanskilo/MillionSamplesperSecond(kilo/MillionSamplesperSecond).
3)QuantizingErrorTheerrorcausedbythefiniteresolutionofAD,thatis,thesteppedtransfercharacteristiccurveoffiniteresolutionADandthetransfercharacteristiccurveofinfiniteresolutionAD(idealAD)Themaximumdeviationbetween(straightlines).Itisusually1orhalfofthesmallestdigitalanalogvariation,expressedas1LSB,1/2LSB.
4)OffsetErrorThevalueatwhichtheoutputsignalisnotzerowhentheinputsignaliszero,andcanbeadjustedtotheminimumbyanexternalpotentiometer.
5)FullScaleError(FullScaleError)Thedifferencebetweenthecorrespondinginputsignalandtheidealinputsignalvalueatfull-scaleoutput.
6)Linearity(Linearity)Themaximumdeviationbetweenthetransferfunctionoftheactualconverterandtheidealstraightline,excludingtheabovethreeerrors.
Otherindicatorsinclude:AbsoluteAccuracy,RelativeAccuracy,DifferentialNonlinearity,MonotonicityandError-freeCode,TotalHarmonicDistotortion(THD)andintegralNon-linear.
3.DAconverter
ThereisnotmuchdifferenceintheinternalcircuitcompositionoftheDAconverter,generallyaccordingtowhethertheoutputiscurrentorvoltage,whetheritcanbemultipliedOperations,etc.areclassified.MostDAconvertersconsistofaresistorarrayandncurrentswitches(orvoltageswitches).Switchtheswitchaccordingtothedigitalinputvaluetogenerateacurrent(orvoltage)proportionaltotheinput.Inaddition,inordertoimprovetheaccuracy,aconstantcurrentsourceisputinsidethedevice.Generallyspeaking,duetothesmallswitchingerrorofthecurrentswitch,acurrentswitchtypecircuitismostlyused.Ifthecurrentswitchtypecircuitdirectlyoutputsthegeneratedcurrent,itisacurrentoutputtypeDAconverter.Inaddition,thevoltageswitchtypecircuitisadirectoutputvoltagetypeDAconverter.
1)Voltageoutputtype(suchasTLC5620)
AlthoughvoltageoutputtypeDAconvertersoutputvoltagedirectlyfromtheresistorarray,theygenerallyuseabuilt-inoutputamplifiertooutputwithlowimpedance.Devicesthatdirectlyoutputvoltageareonlyusedforhigh-impedanceloads.Becausethereisnodelayintheoutputamplifierpart,theyareoftenusedashigh-speedDAconverters.
2)Currentoutputtype(suchasTHS5661A)
CurrentoutputtypeDAconvertersrarelyusecurrentoutputdirectly.Mostofthemareconnectedwithcurrent-voltageconversioncircuitstoobtainvoltageoutput.ThelatterhasTherearetwomethods:oneistoonlyconnectaloadresistortotheoutputpinforcurrent-voltageconversion,andtheotheristoconnectanoperationalamplifier.Themethodofcurrent-voltageconversionwithloadresistance,althoughvoltagecanappearonthecurrentoutputpin,itmustbeusedwithinthespecifiedoutputvoltagerange,andbecauseofthehighoutputimpedance,itisgenerallyusedwithanexternaloperationalamplifier.Inaddition,mostCMOSDAconverterscannotoperatecorrectlywhentheoutputvoltageisnotzero,soanexternaloperationalamplifiermustbeconnected.Whenanexternaloperationalamplifierisusedforcurrent-to-voltageconversion,thecircuitconfigurationisbasicallythesameasthevoltageoutputtypeofthebuilt-inamplifier.Atthistime,duetothedelayoftheDAconverterbeingaddedtothecurrentset-uptimeoftheDAconverter,theresponsebecomesslower.Inaddition,theoperationalamplifierinthiscircuitispronetooscillateduetotheinternalcapacitanceoftheoutputpin,andphasecompensationissometimesnecessary.
3)Multiplicationtype(suchasAD7533)
SomeDAconvertersuseaconstantreferencevoltage,andsomeaddanACsignaltothereferencevoltageinput.ThelattercangetTheresultofmultiplyingthedigitalinputandthereferencevoltageinputisoutput,soitiscalledamultiplyingDAconverter.ThemultiplicationtypeDAconvertercangenerallynotonlyperformmultiplication,butalsocanbeusedasanattenuatorthatdigitallyattenuatestheinputsignalandamodulatorthatmodulatestheinputsignal.
4)One-bitDAconverter
Theone-bitDAconverteriscompletelydifferentfromthepreviousconversionmethod.Itconvertsthedigitalvalueintopulsewidthmodulationorfrequencymodulationoutput,andthenusesThedigitalfilterisaveragedtogetageneralvoltageoutput(alsoknownasbitstreammode),whichisusedinaudioandotheroccasions.
4.ThemaintechnicalindicatorsoftheDAconverter:
1)Resolution(Resolution)referstotheminimumanalogoutput(correspondingtoonlythelowestdigitofdigitalItistheratioof'1')tothemaximumamount(allvaliddigitsofthecorrespondingdigitalquantityare'1').
2)SettingTime(SettingTime)isthetimerequiredtoconvertadigitalquantityintoastableanalogsignal.Itcanalsobeconsideredastheconversiontime.ThesettlingtimeisoftenusedinDAtodescribeitsspeed,ratherthantheconversionratecommonlyusedinAD.Generally,thesettlingtimeofthecurrentoutputDAisshorter,andthevoltageoutputDAislonger.
OtherindicatorsincludeLinearity,conversionaccuracy,temperaturecoefficient/drift